{"id":1145,"date":"2023-01-21T15:46:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-21T07:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/?p=1145"},"modified":"2026-01-10T14:37:36","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T06:37:36","slug":"directory-traversal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/archives\/1145","title":{"rendered":"Directory traversal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u8def\u5f91\u904d\u6b77\u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba\u76ee\u9304\u904d\u6b77\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4f7f\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u8b80\u53d6\u6b63\u5728\u904b\u884c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u4efb\u610f\u8b80\u6a94\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u548c\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f8c\u7aef\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6191\u8b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u654f\u611f\u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u6a94\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6709\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b HTML \u8f09\u5165\u5716\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>&lt;img src=\"\/loadImage?filename=218.png\"&gt;<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><code>loadImage<\/code>\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u500b<code>filename<\/code>\u53c3\u6578\u4e26\u50b3\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f71\u50cf\u6a94\u6848\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u78c1\u789f\u4e0a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<code>\/var\/www\/images\/<\/code>\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6703\u5f9e\u6b64\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d6\u5f97\u5f71\u50cf<code>\/var\/www\/images\/218.png<\/code>\u3002\u5047\u5982\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6c92\u6709\u5be6\u65bd\u91dd\u5c0d\u8def\u5f91\u904d\u6b77\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u9632\u79a6\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u6b64\u5f31\u9ede\u53d6\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728\u57fa\u65bcUnix\u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b URL \u53d6\u5f97<code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=..\/..\/..\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5f9e\u6a94\u6848\u8def\u5f91<code>\/var\/www\/images\/..\/..\/..\/etc\/passwd<\/code>\u8b80\u53d6\u5167\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728\u57fa\u65bcWindows\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\uff0c <code>..\/<\/code>\u548c<code>..\\<\/code>\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u76ee\u9304\u904d\u6b77\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b URL \u53d6\u5f97<code>windows\\win.ini<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=..\\..\\..\\windows\\win.ini<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Lab: File path traversal, simple case<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u79a6\u8def\u5f91\u904d\u6b77\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53ef\u7528\u5404\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\u7e5e\u904e\u9632\u79a6\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>absolute path\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7d55\u5c0d\u8def\u5f91\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nested traversal sequences\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5de2\u72c0\u904d\u6b77\u5e8f\u5217\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>various non-standard encodings\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>validation of start of path\uff1a\u900f\u904e\u8def\u5f91\u958b\u982d\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>null byte\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528\u7d55\u5c0d\u8def\u5f91\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u6839\u76ee\u9304\u4e2d\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u8def\u5f91\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>filename=\/etc\/passwd<\/code>\u4f86\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u904d\u6b77\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=etc\/passwd<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Lab: File path traversal, traversal sequences blocked with absolute path bypass<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528\u5de2\u72c0\u904d\u6b77\u5e8f\u5217\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u50cf\u662f<code>....\/\/<\/code>\u6216<code>....\\\/<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bURL\u53d6\u5f97<code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=....\/\/....\/\/....\/\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Lab: File path traversal, traversal sequences stripped non-recursively<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u5b57\u5143\u9032\u884c URL \u7de8\u78bc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u96d9\u91cd URL \u7de8\u78bc\u4f86\u7e5e\u904e\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#url encoding\n. = %2e\n\/ = %2f\n\\ = %5C \n\n#Double URL encoding\n. = %252e\n\/ = %252f\n\\ = %255c\n\n#16 bits Unicode encoding\n. = %u002e, %uff0e\n\/ = %u2215\n\\ = %u2216\n\n#UTF-8 Unicode encoding\n. = %c0%2e, %e0%40%ae, %c0ae\n\/ = %c0%af, %e0%80%af, %c0%2f\n\\ = %c0%5c, %c0%80%5c\n\nrefer\nhttps:&#47;&#47;github.com\/swisskyrepo\/PayloadsAllTheThings\/blob\/master\/Directory%20Traversal\/README.md<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bURL\u53d6\u5f97<code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=..%252f..%252f..%252fetc\/passwd<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Lab: File path traversal, traversal sequences stripped with superfluous URL-decode<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u900f\u904e\u8def\u5f91\u958b\u982d\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u76ee\u9304\u958b\u982d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code>\/var\/www\/images<\/code>\uff0c&nbsp;\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5617\u8a66\u5728\u653b\u64ca\u5b57\u4e32\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u76ee\u9304\u540d\u7a31<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bURL\u53d6\u5f97<code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=\/var\/www\/images\/..\/..\/..\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Lab: File path traversal, validation of start of path<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u9952\u904e\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u7a31\u4ee5\u9810\u671f\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u526f\u6a94\u540d\u7d50\u5c3e\uff0c\u50cf\u662f<code>.png<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6240\u9700\u526f\u6a94\u540d\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bURL\u53d6\u5f97<code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=..\/..\/..\/etc\/passwd%00.png<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Lab: File path traversal, validation of file extension with null byte bypass<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5176\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u89e3\u6790\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff08Wildcard Injection\/Filename Wildcard Parsing\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u8655\u7406\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u7a31\u6642\uff0c\u610f\u5916\u5730\u5c07\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u5143\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 &lt;\u3001&gt;\u3001*\uff09\u89e3\u91cb\u6210\u4e86\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5229\u7528 <code>file&lt;.php<\/code>\uff0c\u6703\u5339\u914d <code>file*.php<\/code>\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u8b80\u53d6\u76ee\u9304\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u6a94\u6848\uff08\u5982 file1.php\u3001file2.php\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u6642\u53ef\u548c\u76ee\u9304\u904d\u6b77\u6f0f\u6d1e\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>https:\/\/insecure-website.com\/loadImage?filename=..\/..\/etc\/pas&lt;.txt<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u7522\u751f\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u672a\u6b63\u78ba\u904e\u6ffe\u6216\u8655\u7406\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u5143\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u63a5\u6536\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u5f8c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u50b3\u905e\u7d66\u5e95\u5c64\u51fd\u5f0f\uff08\u5982 readfile()\u3001fopen()\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u5982\u679c\u5e95\u5c64\u51fd\u5f0f\u652f\u63f4\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5247\u5b57\u5143\u5982 &lt;\u3001&gt;\u3001* \u6703\u88ab\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u5339\u914d\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u5728 Linux\/Unix \u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u914d\u7b26 * \u6703\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u5143\u5982 &lt; \u548c &gt; \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u6216\u66ff\u4ee3\u7b26\u865f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9650\u5236Web\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u670d\u52d9\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u904b\u884c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u9632\u79a6\u4e0a\u9808\u8a2d\u5b9a http service \u53ef\u5b58\u53d6\u4e4b\u8cc7\u6599\u593e\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u593e\u7bc4\u570d\u3002\u50cf\u662fDocumentRoot \u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6307\u5b9a\u7db2\u9801\u6839\u76ee\u9304\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5b58\u653e\u7db2\u9801\u7684\u76ee\u9304\u3002<br>\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u6642\u5019\u6703\u56e0web\u8edf\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u6f0f\u6d1e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u9650\u5236\u5931\u6557\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9032\u884c\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u975e\u6cd5\u8def\u5f91<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u9632\u8b77\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>realpath() in C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>getCanonicalPath() in Java<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GetFullPath() in ASP.NET<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>realpath() or abs_path() in Perl<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>realpath() in PHP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>refer<br>https:\/\/cert.ntu.edu.tw\/Document\/TechDoc\/Web_Host_Directory_Traversal_Attacks.pdf<br>https:\/\/www.qa-knowhow.com\/?p=4179<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8def\u5f91\u904d\u6b77\u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba\u76ee\u9304\u904d\u6b77\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4f7f\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u8b80\u53d6\u6b63\u5728\u904b\u884c\u61c9\u7528 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