{"id":2556,"date":"2025-08-14T12:18:34","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T04:18:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/?p=2556"},"modified":"2025-08-14T12:19:20","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T04:19:20","slug":"owasp-smart-contract-top-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/archives\/2556","title":{"rendered":"OWASP Smart Contract Top 10"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u96a8\u8457\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0cOWASP \u4e5f\u767c\u5e03\u4e86 <strong>\u300cSmart Contract Top 10\u300d<\/strong>\uff0c\u9019\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae\u91dd\u5c0d\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u7e3d\u7d50\u3002\u9019\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae\u662f\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u5be9\u8a08\u5e2b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53c3\u8003\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\u512a\u5148\u8655\u7406\u6700\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>OWASP\uff08\u958b\u653e\u5f0f\u7db2\u9801\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5b89\u5168\u5c08\u6848\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u71df\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u63d0\u5347\u8edf\u9ad4\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u300cOWASP Top 10\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u7576\u524d\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5b89\u5168\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>OWASP Smart Contract Top 10 (2025)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SC01:2025 &#8211; \u5b58\u53d6\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u7576 (Improper Access Control)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9019\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u4e5f\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7576\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u6c92\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u9650\u5236\u8ab0\u53ef\u4ee5\u547c\u53eb\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u6642\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5c31\u80fd\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u5730\u57f7\u884c\u95dc\u9375\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8f49\u79fb\u8cc7\u91d1\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u5408\u7d04\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC02:2025 &#8211; \u50f9\u683c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u64cd\u7e31\uff08Price Oracle Manipulation\uff09<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u8a31\u591a\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u91d1\u878d\uff08DeFi\uff09\u5354\u8b70\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5916\u90e8\u6578\u64da\u6e90\uff08\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u300d\uff09\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u8cc7\u7522\u50f9\u683c\u3002\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u64cd\u7e31\u9019\u4e9b\u50f9\u683c\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4eba\u70ba\u5730\u6539\u8b8a\u8cc7\u7522\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u89f8\u767c\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6e05\u7b97\u6216\u5957\u5229\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC03:2025 &#8211; \u908f\u8f2f\u932f\u8aa4 (Logic Errors) <\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9019\u662f\u6307\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u908f\u8f2f\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u6c92\u6709\u8a9e\u6cd5\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0a\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5408\u7d04\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u9810\u671f\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9020\u6210\u8cc7\u91d1\u640d\u5931\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u610f\u5916\u5f8c\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC04:2025 &#8211; \u7f3a\u4e4f\u8f38\u5165\u9a57\u8b49 (Lack of Input Validation) <\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u9032\u884c\u56b4\u683c\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u50b3\u5165\u60e1\u610f\u6216\u610f\u5916\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u89f8\u767c\u975e\u9810\u671f\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6574\u6578\u6ea2\u51fa\u6216\u91cd\u5165\u653b\u64ca\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC05:2025 &#8211; \u91cd\u5165\u653b\u64ca (Reentrancy)  <\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u653b\u64ca\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u7576\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u5728\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u66f4\u65b0\u524d\uff0c\u5c31\u547c\u53eb\u5916\u90e8\u5408\u7d04\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9593\u91cd\u65b0\u9032\u5165\u539f\u5408\u7d04\uff0c\u53cd\u8986\u57f7\u884c\u540c\u4e00\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8017\u76e1\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC06:2025 &#8211; \u672a\u6aa2\u67e5\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8abf\u7528 (Unchecked External Calls)  <\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7d93\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u547c\u53eb\u5176\u4ed6\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u51fd\u6578\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u6aa2\u67e5\u5916\u90e8\u547c\u53eb\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u547c\u53eb\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u5408\u7d04\u4e5f\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5408\u7d04\u72c0\u614b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC07:2025 &#8211; \u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u653b\u64ca (Flash Loan Attacks)  <\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u62b5\u62bc\u54c1\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u501f\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u91d1\u4e26\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u511f\u9084\u3002\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5229\u7528\u9019\u500b\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u5927\u7b46\u8cc7\u91d1\u4f86\u64cd\u7e31\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u9084\u6b3e\u524d\u5f9e\u4e2d\u7372\u5229\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC08:2025 &#8211; \u6574\u6578\u6ea2\u4f4d\u8207\u4e0b\u6ea2 (Integer Overflow and Underflow)<\/strong> \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u7576\u6578\u5b57\u904b\u7b97\u8d85\u51fa\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b\u6240\u80fd\u5132\u5b58\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u6216\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u6ea2\u51fa\u6216\u4e0b\u6ea2\u3002\u9019\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6578\u5b57\u300c\u7e5e\u56de\u300d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 uint8 \u7684 255 + 1 \u6703\u8b8a\u6210 0\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u8b93\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u80fd\u64cd\u7e31\u9918\u984d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC09:2025 &#8211; \u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u751f\u6210 (Insecure Randomness)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1a\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96e3\u751f\u6210\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5408\u7d04\u4f7f\u7528\u5340\u584a\u6642\u9593\u6233\u6216\u5340\u584a\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b49\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u4f86\u751f\u6210\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9810\u6e2c\u6216\u64cd\u7e31\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u535a\u5f08\u3001\u62bd\u734e\u7b49\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC10:2025 &#8211; \u62d2\u7d55\u670d\u52d9\u653b\u64ca (Denial of Service, DoS)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong>\uff1aDoS \u653b\u64ca\u65e8\u5728\u900f\u904e\u8017\u76e1 Gas \u8cbb\u6216\u963b\u65b7\u95dc\u9375\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8b93\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5408\u6cd5\u7528\u6236\u7121\u6cd5\u8207\u5408\u7d04\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae\u70ba\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u61c9\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u7de8\u78bc\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7279\u5225\u7559\u610f\u9019\u4e9b\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Improper Access Control<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b58\u53d6\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u7576\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u5b58\u53d6\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6f0f\u6d1e\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u672a\u6839\u64da\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u7b49\u7d1a\u9069\u7576\u9650\u5236\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u53d6\u63a7\u5236\u6d89\u53ca\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u95dc\u9375\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u767c\u884c\uff08\u9444\u9020\uff09\u4ee3\u5e63<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5c0d\u63d0\u6848\u9032\u884c\u6295\u7968<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63d0\u53d6\u8cc7\u91d1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u66ab\u505c\u6216\u5347\u7d1a\u5408\u7d04<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u66f4\u6539\u5408\u7d04\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u53d6\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u547c\u53eb\u654f\u611f\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b58\u5728\u5b58\u53d6\u63a7\u5236\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.0;\n\ncontract Solidity_AccessControl {\n    mapping(address =&gt; uint256) public balances;\n\n    \/\/ Burn function with no access control\n    function burn(address account, uint256 amount) public {\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">_burn(account, amount);<\/mark>\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u554f\u984c\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\uff0c<code>burn<\/code> \u51fd\u6578\u88ab\u6a19\u8a18\u70ba <code>public<\/code>\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u547c\u53eb\u5b83\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u6b0a\u9650\u6aa2\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9019\u5141\u8a31\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u92b7\u6bc0\uff08burn\uff09\u4efb\u610f\u5e33\u6236\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\u9918\u984d\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u5f71\u97ff\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Price Oracle Manipulation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u91d1\u878d\uff08DeFi\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\uff08oracles\uff09\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u9023\u63a5\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u5167\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u548c\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u5916\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u6a4b\u6a11\u3002\u7576\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u67d0\u500b\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u50f9\u683c\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u5411\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u8acb\u6c42\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u64cd\u7e31\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5408\u7d04\u505a\u51fa\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u707d\u96e3\u6027\u5f8c\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5229\u7528\u9019\u500b\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u64cd\u7e31\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u8b93\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u8aa4\u4ee5\u70ba\u67d0\u500b\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u88ab\u64cd\u7e31\u7684\u50f9\u683c\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u501f\u8cb8\u3001\u8d85\u984d\u69d3\u687f\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8017\u76e1\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.0;\n\ninterface IPriceFeed {\n    function getLatestPrice() external view returns (int);\n}\n\ncontract PriceOracleManipulation {\n    address public owner;\n    IPriceFeed public priceFeed;\n\n    constructor(address _priceFeed) {\n        owner = msg.sender;\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">priceFeed = IPriceFeed(_priceFeed);<\/mark>\n    }\n\n    function borrow(uint256 amount) public {\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">int price = priceFeed.getLatestPrice(); <\/mark> \n        require(price &gt; 0, \"Price must be positive\");\n\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\/\/ Vulnerability: No validation or protection against price manipulation<\/mark>\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">uint256 collateralValue = uint256(price) * amount;<\/mark>\n\n        \/\/ Borrow logic based on manipulated price\n        \/\/ If an attacker manipulates the oracle, they could borrow more than they should\n    }\n    \/\/ Repayment logic\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u5408\u7d04\u7684 <code>borrow<\/code> \u51fd\u6578\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f9e\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f <code>priceFeed<\/code> \u7372\u53d6\u7684\u50f9\u683c\uff0c\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6a5f\u5236\u4f86\u9a57\u8b49\u9019\u500b\u50f9\u683c\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u6216\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u80fd\u64cd\u63a7 <code>priceFeed<\/code>\uff0c\u5c07\u8cc7\u7522\u50f9\u683c\u865b\u5831\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u80fd\u4ee5\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u62b5\u62bc\u54c1\u501f\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Logic Errors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u908f\u8f2f\u932f\u8aa4\uff08Logic Errors\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba\u696d\u52d9\u908f\u8f2f\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u96b1\u6027\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u9019\u985e\u932f\u8aa4\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u908f\u8f2f\u8207\u5176\u9810\u671f\u884c\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6642\u3002\u908f\u8f2f\u932f\u8aa4\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u591a\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u734e\u52f5\u5206\u914d\u932f\u8aa4<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5206\u914d\u734e\u52f5\u6642\u8a08\u7b97\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u7576\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\u751f\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u672a\u53d7\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\u751f\u6210\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7121\u9650\u6216\u975e\u9810\u671f\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u501f\u8cb8\u6c60\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u6b3e\u548c\u63d0\u6b3e\u8ffd\u8e64\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8cc7\u91d1\u6c60\u5132\u5099\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u901a\u5e38\u96b1\u85cf\u5728\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u4e2d\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u5bdf\u89ba\uff0c\u9700\u4ed4\u7d30\u6aa2\u67e5\u624d\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b58\u5728\u908f\u8f2f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.0;\n\ncontract Solidity_LogicErrors {\n    mapping(address =&gt; uint256) public userBalances;\n    uint256 public totalLendingPool;\n\n    function deposit() public payable {\n        userBalances&#91;msg.sender] += msg.value;\n        totalLendingPool += msg.value;\n    }\n\n    function withdraw(uint256 amount) public {\n        require(userBalances&#91;msg.sender] &gt;= amount, \"Insufficient balance\");\n\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\/\/ Faulty calculation: Incorrectly reducing the user's balance without updating the total lending pool<\/mark>\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">userBalances&#91;msg.sender] -= amount;<\/mark>\n\n        payable(msg.sender).transfer(amount);\n    }\n\n    function mintReward(address to, uint256 rewardAmount) public {\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\/\/ Faulty minting logic: Reward amount not validated<\/mark>\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">userBalances&#91;to] += rewardAmount;<\/mark>\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u6b3e\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 <code>withdraw<\/code> \u51fd\u6578\u4e2d\uff0c\u50c5\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u7528\u6236\u7684\u9918\u984d (<code>userBalances<\/code>)\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u540c\u6b65\u6e1b\u5c11\u7e3d\u8cc7\u91d1\u6c60 (<code>totalLendingPool<\/code>)\u3002\u9019\u5c0e\u81f4\u8cc7\u91d1\u6c60\u7684\u7e3d\u984d\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u9918\u984d\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u8cc7\u91d1\u6c60\u986f\u793a\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u9ad8\u65bc\u5be6\u969b\u53ef\u7528\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u734e\u52f5\u751f\u6210\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a<code>mintReward<\/code> \u51fd\u6578\u672a\u5c0d <code>rewardAmount<\/code> \u9032\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5141\u8a31\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u610f\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4ee3\u5e63\u4f9b\u61c9\u81a8\u8139\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lack of Input Validation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f38\u5165\u9a57\u8b49\uff08Input Validation\uff09\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u50c5\u8655\u7406\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u9810\u671f\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u7576\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u672a\u5c0d\u8f38\u5165\u8cc7\u6599\u9032\u884c\u9a57\u8b49\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u591a\u7a2e\u5b89\u5168\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u908f\u8f2f\u64cd\u63a7\u3001\u672a\u6388\u6b0a\u5b58\u53d6\u6216\u610f\u5916\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5408\u7d04\u5047\u8a2d\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7e3d\u662f\u6709\u6548\u800c\u672a\u9032\u884c\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u8f38\u5165\u60e1\u610f\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5371\u5bb3\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8f38\u5165\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.0;\n\ncontract Solidity_LackOfInputValidation {\n    mapping(address =&gt; uint256) public balances;\n\n    <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">function setBalance(address user, uint256 amount) public {<\/mark>\n        \/\/ The function allows anyone to set arbitrary balances for any user without validation.\n        balances&#91;user] = amount;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>setBalance<\/code> \u51fd\u6578<\/strong>\uff1a\u8a72\u51fd\u6578\u5141\u8a31\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u70ba\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u5740\uff08<code>user<\/code>\uff09\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u9918\u984d\uff08<code>amount<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u672a\u5c0d\u8f38\u5165\u9032\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u9a57\u8b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u554f\u984c<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6c92\u6709\u6aa2\u67e5 <code>user<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u70ba\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5740\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u96f6\u5730\u5740\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6c92\u6709\u9650\u5236\u8ab0\u53ef\u4ee5\u8abf\u7528\u8a72\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u5740\u7684\u9918\u984d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6c92\u6709\u5c0d <code>amount<\/code> \u9032\u884c\u7bc4\u570d\u6216\u6709\u6548\u6027\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9918\u984d\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u6613\u64cd\u63a7\u5408\u7d04\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9918\u984d\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\u4efb\u610f\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u5c07\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6236\u7684\u9918\u984d\u6e05\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reentrancy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91cd\u5165\u653b\u64ca\uff08Reentrancy Attack\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u7576\u5408\u7d04\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u81ea\u8eab\u72c0\u614b\uff08\u5982\u9918\u984d\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c0d\u5916\u90e8\u5408\u7d04\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u91cd\u8907\u8abf\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u57f7\u884c\u4e0d\u7576\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u9818\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u653b\u64ca\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5408\u7d04\u5411\u5916\u90e8\u5730\u5740\u767c\u9001\u4ee5\u592a\u5e63\uff08Ether\uff09\u6216\u8abf\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u5408\u7d04\u6642\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u901a\u904e\u60e1\u610f\u5408\u7d04\u91cd\u65b0\u9032\u5165\uff08re-enter\uff09\u539f\u59cb\u5408\u7d04\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u672a\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u9032\u884c\u60e1\u610f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u53ef\u80fd\u8017\u76e1\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6613\u53d7\u91cd\u5165\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.0;\n\ncontract Solidity_Reentrancy {\n    mapping(address =&gt; uint) public balances;\n\n    function deposit() external payable {\n        balances&#91;msg.sender] += msg.value;\n    }\n\n    function withdraw() external {\n        uint amount = balances&#91;msg.sender];\n        require(amount &gt; 0, \"Insufficient balance\");\n\n       <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"> \/\/ Vulnerability: Ether is sent before updating the user's balance, allowing reentrancy.\n        (bool success, ) = msg.sender.call{value: amount}(\"\");\n        require(success, \"Transfer failed\");\n\n        \/\/ Update balance after sending Ether\n        balances&#91;msg.sender] = 0;<\/mark>\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>withdraw<\/code> \u51fd\u6578<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728\u767c\u9001\u4ee5\u592a\u5e63\uff08<code>msg.sender.call<\/code>\uff09\u5f8c\u624d\u5c07\u7528\u6236\u9918\u984d\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba 0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c <code>msg.sender<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u60e1\u610f\u5408\u7d04\uff0c\u8a72\u5408\u7d04\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u4ee5\u592a\u5e63\u6642\u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u65b0\u8abf\u7528 <code>withdraw<\/code> \u51fd\u6578\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56e0\u70ba\u9918\u984d\u5c1a\u672a\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u4ecd\u70ba\u975e\u96f6\uff09\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u8907\u63d0\u9818\u8cc7\u91d1\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8017\u76e1\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u5e63\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u554f\u984c<\/strong>\uff1a\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u5148\u767c\u9001\u3001\u5f8c\u66f4\u65b0\u300d\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u5141\u8a31\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5728\u72c0\u614b\u66f4\u65b0\u524d\u591a\u6b21\u57f7\u884c\u63d0\u9818\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Unchecked External Calls  <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672a\u6aa2\u67e5\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8abf\u7528\uff08Unchecked External Calls\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u6307\u5408\u7d04\u5728\u5c0d\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u7d04\u6216\u5730\u5740\u9032\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u8abf\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u672a\u6b63\u78ba\u6aa2\u67e5\u8abf\u7528\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u592a\u574a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u7d04\u8abf\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u7d04\u6642\uff0c\u88ab\u8abf\u7528\u7684\u5408\u7d04\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u975c\u9ed8\u5931\u6557\u800c\u4e0d\u62cb\u51fa\u7570\u5e38\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8abf\u7528\u5408\u7d04\u672a\u6aa2\u67e5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u932f\u8aa4\u5730\u5047\u8a2d\u8abf\u7528\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5408\u7d04\u72c0\u614b\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u70ba\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b58\u5728\u672a\u6aa2\u67e5\u5916\u90e8\u8abf\u7528\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.0;\n\ncontract Solidity_UncheckedExternalCall {\n    address public owner;\n\n    constructor() {\n        owner = msg.sender;\n    }\n\n    function forward(address callee, bytes memory _data) public {\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">callee.delegatecall(_data);<\/mark>\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>forward<\/code> \u51fd\u6578<\/strong>\uff1a\u8a72\u51fd\u6578\u4f7f\u7528 <code>delegatecall<\/code> \u5c0d\u7528\u6236\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5730\u5740 (<code>callee<\/code>) \u9032\u884c\u8abf\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u6aa2\u67e5\u8abf\u7528\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u554f\u984c<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c <code>delegatecall<\/code> \u5931\u6557\uff0c\u5408\u7d04\u4e0d\u6703\u5bdf\u89ba\uff0c\u4e26\u7e7c\u7e8c\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u72c0\u614b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8a72\u51fd\u6578\u5141\u8a31\u4efb\u610f\u5730\u5740\u57f7\u884c\u4efb\u610f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\u4e14\u672a\u9032\u884c\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u9019\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u984d\u5916\u98a8\u96aa\uff08\u8a73\u898b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9805\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Flash Loan Attacks <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u653b\u64ca\uff08Flash Loan Attacks\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5229\u7528\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u5167\u7121\u9700\u62b5\u62bc\u5373\u53ef\u501f\u5165\u5927\u984d\u8cc7\u91d1\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u5167\u511f\u9084\u8cb8\u6b3e\uff08\u7531\u65bc\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6557\uff09\u3002\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff08\u5982\u50f9\u683c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u64cd\u63a7\u3001\u91cd\u5165\u653b\u64ca\u6216\u908f\u8f2f\u932f\u8aa4\uff09\uff0c\u64cd\u7e31\u5408\u7d04\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u7aca\u53d6\u8cc7\u91d1\u6216\u9020\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u640d\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u7684\u7279\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7121\u9700\u62b5\u62bc<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u501f\u5165\u5de8\u984d\u8cc7\u91d1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6578\u767e\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u4ea4\u6613\u7d50\u675f\u524d\u511f\u9084\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u501f\u8cb8\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u511f\u9084\uff09\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u5167\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u5340\u584a\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f4e\u6210\u672c<\/strong>\uff1a\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u8cbb\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u4f4e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cAave \u6536\u53d6 0.09% \u7684\u8cbb\u7528\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u653b\u64ca\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u5ec9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5229\u7528\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u501f\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u91d1\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u5167\u57f7\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u64cd\u7e31\u5e02\u5834\u6216\u5408\u7d04\u72c0\u614b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u50f9\u683c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u6216\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u6c60\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5229\u7528\u76ee\u6a19\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff08\u5982\u908f\u8f2f\u932f\u8aa4\u6216\u672a\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u8f38\u5165\uff09\u7372\u5229\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u511f\u9084\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u975e\u6cd5\u6240\u5f97\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u9583\u96fb\u8cb8\u6b3e\u653b\u64ca\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u50f9\u683c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\u64cd\u63a7\uff08Oracle Manipulation\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u60c5\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a\u8a31\u591a\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u91d1\u878d\uff08DeFi\uff09\u5354\u8b70\u4f9d\u8cf4\u50f9\u683c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\uff08\u5982 Chainlink \u6216\u55ae\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u7684\u50f9\u683c\uff09\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8cc7\u7522\u50f9\u503c\u6216\u6e05\u7b97\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a2020 \u5e74\u7684 bZx \u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u64cd\u7e31\u50f9\u683c\u9810\u8a00\u6a5f\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5354\u8b70\u8aa4\u4ee5\u70ba\u62b5\u62bc\u54c1\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e05\u7b97\u8cc7\u7522\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u6c60\u8017\u76e1\uff08Liquidity Pool Draining\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u60c5\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a\u81ea\u52d5\u505a\u5e02\u5546\uff08AMM\uff09\u5982 Uniswap \u6216 SushiSwap \u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u6c60\u4f86\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ea4\u6613\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f AMM \u5354\u8b70\u56e0\u672a\u9650\u5236\u5927\u984d\u4ea4\u6613\u800c\u88ab\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08LPs\uff09\u539f\u672c\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u6c60\u5b50\u88e1\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u800c\u5927\u91cf\u6d41\u5931\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u50f9\u503c\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\uff0c\u8499\u53d7\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8ca1\u52d9\u640d\u5931\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u6c60\u8cc7\u91d1\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6236\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u6613\u6216\u63d0\u6b3e\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u5354\u8b70\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5957\u5229\u653b\u64ca\uff08Arbitrage Exploits\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u60c5\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ee3\u5e63\u50f9\u683c\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u7570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528 DEX \u50f9\u683c\u5dee\u7570\u9032\u884c\u5957\u5229\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u6f0f\u6d1e\u653e\u5927\u6536\u76ca\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Integer Overflow and Underflow<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6574\u6578\u6ea2\u4f4d\uff08Overflow\uff09\u8207\u4e0b\u6ea2\uff08Underflow\uff09\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u6e90\u65bc\u4ee5\u592a\u574a\u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\uff08EVM\uff09\u4e2d\u6574\u6578\u8cc7\u6599\u578b\u5225\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\u3002EVM \u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u9577\u5ea6\u7684\u6574\u6578\u578b\u5225\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>uint8<\/strong>\uff08\u7121\u7b26\u865f 8 \u4f4d\u6574\u6578\uff09\uff1a\u53ea\u80fd\u8868\u793a 0 \u5230 255 \u7684\u6578\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>int8<\/strong>\uff08\u6709\u7b26\u865f 8 \u4f4d\u6574\u6578\uff09\uff1a\u53ef\u8868\u793a -128 \u5230 127 \u7684\u6578\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7576\u7b97\u8853\u904b\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\u8d85\u51fa\u578b\u5225\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u767c\u751f\u6ea2\u4f4d\u6216\u4e0b\u6ea2\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6ea2\u4f4d\uff08Overflow\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u503c\u8a2d\u70ba\u8d85\u51fa\u578b\u5225\u6700\u5927\u7bc4\u570d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c07 <code>uint8<\/code> \u7684\u503c 255 \u52a0 1\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4e0d\u662f 256\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u300c\u56de\u7e5e\u300d\u5230 0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0b\u6ea2\uff08Underflow\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u503c\u6e1b\u5230\u5c0f\u65bc\u578b\u5225\u6700\u5c0f\u7bc4\u570d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c07 <code>uint8<\/code> \u7684\u503c 0 \u6e1b 1\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4e0d\u662f -1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u300c\u56de\u7e5e\u300d\u5230 255\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6709\u7b26\u865f\u6574\u6578<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c0d\u65bc <code>int8<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f9e -128 \u6e1b 1\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u6703\u56de\u7e5e\u5230 127\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u6c7d\u8eca\u91cc\u7a0b\u8868\uff08\u9054\u5230 999999 \u5f8c\u91cd\u7f6e\u70ba 000000\uff09\u6216\u9031\u671f\u6027\u6578\u5b78\u51fd\u6578\uff08\u5982\u6b63\u5f26\u51fd\u6578\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6613\u53d7\u6574\u6578\u6ea2\u4f4d\u548c\u4e0b\u6ea2\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.4.17;\n\ncontract Solidity_OverflowUnderflow {\n    uint8 public balance;\n\n    constructor() public {\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">balance = 255; \/\/ Maximum value of uint8<\/mark>\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Increments the balance by a given value\n    function increment(uint8 value) public {\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">balance += value; \/\/ Vulnerable to overflow<\/mark>\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Decrements the balance by a given value\n    function decrement(uint8 value) public {\n        <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">balance -= value; \/\/ Vulnerable to underflow<\/mark>\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6ea2\u4f4d\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5047\u8a2d <code>balance = 255<\/code>\uff0c\u8abf\u7528 <code>increment(1)<\/code> \u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 <code>255 + 1 = 0<\/code>\uff08\u6ea2\u4f4d\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba <code>uint8<\/code> \u6700\u5927\u503c\u70ba 255\uff0c\u8d85\u904e\u5f8c\u56de\u7e5e\u5230 0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0b\u6ea2\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5047\u8a2d <code>balance = 0<\/code>\uff0c\u8abf\u7528 <code>decrement(1)<\/code> \u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 <code>0 - 1 = 255<\/code>\uff08\u4e0b\u6ea2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u653b\u64ca\u60c5\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u8abf\u7528 <code>increment(1)<\/code> \u5c07 <code>balance<\/code> \u5f9e 255 \u8b8a\u70ba 0\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u9918\u984d\u932f\u8aa4\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u8abf\u7528 <code>decrement(1)<\/code> \u5f9e 0 \u8b8a\u70ba 255\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u5927\u91cf\u865b\u5047\u9918\u984d\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u63d0\u9818\u4e0d\u5c6c\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Insecure Randomness<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u751f\u6210\u5728\u8af8\u5982\u8ced\u535a\u3001\u904a\u6232\u8d0f\u5bb6\u9078\u64c7\u6216\u96a8\u6a5f\u7a2e\u5b50\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u61c9\u7528\u4e2d\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u592a\u574a\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ee5\u592a\u574a\u7684\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u662f<strong>\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684<\/strong>\uff08Deterministic\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u7bc0\u9ede\u5fc5\u9808\u5c0d\u540c\u4e00\u8f38\u5165\u7522\u751f\u76f8\u540c\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u751f\u6210\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cSolidity \u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8cf4\u507d\u96a8\u6a5f\uff08Pseudorandom\uff09\u56e0\u7d20\u4f86\u6a21\u64ec\u96a8\u6a5f\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cSolidity \u4e2d\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u8a08\u7b97\u6703\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf gas\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8a2d\u8a08\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u751f\u6210\u5668\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4f86\u751f\u6210\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7926\u5de5\uff08Miners\uff09\u6216\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u64cd\u7e31\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4f86\u6e90\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u7926\u5de5\u64cd\u7e31\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8abf\u6574\u6642\u9593\u6233\u6216\u9078\u64c7\u6709\u5229\u5340\u584a\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u751f\u6210\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.24;\n\ncontract Solidity_InsecureRandomness {\n    constructor() payable {}\n\n    function guess(uint256 _guess) public {\n        uint256 answer = uint256(\n            keccak256(\n                <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">abi.encodePacked(block.timestamp, block.difficulty, msg.sender) \/\/ Using insecure mechanisms for random number generation<\/mark>\n            )\n        );\n\n        if (_guess == answer) {\n            (bool sent,) = msg.sender.call{value: 1 ether}(\"\");\n            require(sent, \"Failed to send Ether\");\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>guess<\/code> \u51fd\u6578<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>block.timestamp<\/code>\u3001<code>block.difficulty<\/code> \u548c <code>msg.sender<\/code> \u7d50\u5408 <code>keccak256<\/code> \u4f86\u751f\u6210\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u554f\u984c<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7926\u5de5\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u7e31 <code>block.timestamp<\/code>\uff08\u5728\u5408\u7406\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u8abf\u6574\u6642\u9593\u6233\uff09\u6216 <code>block.difficulty<\/code>\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff <code>keccak256<\/code> \u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u9810\u6e2c\u6216\u901a\u904e\u8a66\u9a57\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u5340\u584a\u6578\u64da\u516c\u958b\u5f8c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9019\u7a2e\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e26\u975e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u64cd\u63a7\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u80fd\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6a5f\u7387\u731c\u4e2d <code>answer<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Denial of Service<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u62d2\u7d55\u670d\u52d9\u653b\u64ca\uff08Denial of Service, DoS\uff09\u5728 Solidity \u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\u662f\u6307\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u901a\u904e\u5229\u7528\u5408\u7d04\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u8017\u76e1\u8cc7\u6e90\uff08\u5982 gas\u3001CPU \u9031\u671f\u6216\u5132\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5408\u7d04\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u7528\u6236\u8207\u5408\u7d04\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u4f7f\u5408\u7d04\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u7528\u6236\u9ad4\u9a57\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u61c9\u7528\uff08dApp\uff09\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5408\u7d04\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6613\u53d7 DoS \u653b\u64ca\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.24;\n\ncontract Solidity_DOS {\n    address public king;\n    uint256 public balance;\n\n    function claimThrone() external payable {\n        require(msg.value &gt; balance, \"Need to pay more to become the king\");\n\n<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">        \/\/If the current king has a malicious fallback function that reverts, it will prevent the new king from claiming the throne, causing a Denial of Service.\n        (bool sent,) = king.call{value: balance}(\"\");\n        require(sent, \"Failed to send Ether\");<\/mark>\n\n        balance = msg.value;\n        king = msg.sender;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5408\u7d04\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u570b\u738b\u904a\u6232\u300d\u5408\u7d04\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u901a\u904e\u652f\u4ed8\u6bd4\u7576\u524d <code>balance<\/code> \u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u91d1\u984d\uff08<code>msg.value<\/code>\uff09\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u7684\u300c\u570b\u738b\u300d\uff08<code>king<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7576\u65b0\u7528\u6236\u6210\u529f\u652f\u4ed8\u5f8c\uff0c\u820a\u7684 <code>king<\/code> \u6703\u6536\u5230\u9000\u6b3e\uff08\u7576\u524d\u7684 <code>balance<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c <code>king<\/code> \u548c <code>balance<\/code> \u66f4\u65b0\u70ba\u65b0\u7528\u6236\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u91d1\u984d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u554f\u984c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 <code>claimThrone<\/code> \u51fd\u6578\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u7d04\u4f7f\u7528 <code>king.call{value: balance}(\"\")<\/code> \u5411\u820a\u7684 <code>king<\/code> \u767c\u9001\u4ee5\u592a\u5e63\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u820a\u7684 <code>king<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u60e1\u610f\u5408\u7d04\uff0c\u4e14\u5176\u56de\u9000\u51fd\u6578\uff08<code>receive<\/code> \u6216 <code>fallback<\/code>\uff09\u6545\u610f\u56de\u6efe\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u904e <code>revert<\/code> \u6216\u7121\u9650\u8ff4\u5708\u8017\u76e1 gas\uff09\uff0c\u5247 <code>call<\/code> \u6703\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4 <code>require(sent, \"Failed to send Ether\")<\/code> \u89f8\u767c\u4ea4\u6613\u56de\u6efe\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u65b0\u7528\u6236\u7121\u6cd5\u6210\u70ba <code>king<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u820a <code>king<\/code> \u7684\u60e1\u610f\u884c\u70ba\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u5408\u7d04\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>DoS \u98a8\u96aa<\/strong>\uff1a\u60e1\u610f <code>king<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7e8c\u963b\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u65b0 <code>king<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u5408\u7d04\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u96a8\u8457\u5340\u584a\u93c8\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0cOWASP \u4e5f\u767c\u5e03\u4e86 \u300cSmart Contract Top 10\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae\u91dd\u5c0d\u667a\u80fd\u5408\u7d04\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u7e3d\u7d50\u3002\u9019\u4efd\u6e05\u55ae\u662f\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u5be9\u8a08\u5e2b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53c3\u8003\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\u512a\u5148\u8655\u7406\u6700\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[371],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-web3-security"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2556"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2556\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2619,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2556\/revisions\/2619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}