{"id":650,"date":"2009-09-06T14:56:00","date_gmt":"2009-09-06T06:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/note.systw.net\/note\/?p=650"},"modified":"2024-03-16T13:11:16","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T05:11:16","slug":"netstatrouteifconfig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/archives\/650","title":{"rendered":"Command:netstat,route,ifconfig"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5075\u6e2c\u7db2\u8def
netstat [option]<\/strong>
option\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b
-r\u3000:\u5217\u51faroute table,\u7b49\u540croute\u6307\u4ee4
-n\u3000:\u4e0d\u5217\u51fa\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540d\u7a31\u8207\u670d\u52d9\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5217\u51faIP\u548cport
-a\u3000:\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u9023\u7dda\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5305\u62ectcp,udp,unix socket,…\u7b49
-t\u3000:\u53ea\u5217\u51faTCP\u7684\u9023\u7dda
-u\u3000:\u53ea\u5217\u51faUDP\u7684\u9023\u7dda
-l\u3000:\u53ea\u5217\u51faListen\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u72c0\u614b
-p\u3000:\u5217\u51faPID\/Program name
-c\u3000:\u8a2d\u5b9a\u6bcf\u5e7e\u79d2\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f7f\u7528netstat -atunlp\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID\/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2555\/mysqld
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 2591\/httpd
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:118.161.246.50:9180 ::ffff:122.100.80.204:2424 ESTABLISHED 4985\/1
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 2126\/dhclient
\u5404\u6b04\u4f4d\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4e0b
Proto\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u70batcp\u6216udp
Recv-Q\uff1a\u7e3dbytes\u6578
Send-Q\uff1a\u9060\u7aef\u50b3\u4f86,\u4f46\u7121ACK\u7684\u7e3dbytes\u6578
STAT\uff1a\u72c0\u614b\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b
\u3000LISTEN\uff1a\u76e3\u807d\u8a72port
\u3000ESTABLISHED\uff1a\u5df1\u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u7dda
\u3000TIME_WAIT\uff1a\u8a72\u9023\u7dda\u5df2\u639b\u65b7,\u4f46socket\u9084\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u7b49\u5f85\u7d50\u675f
\u3000FIN_WAIT2\uff1a\u8a72\u9023\u7dda\u5df2\u639b\u65b7,\u4f46\u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u5c0d\u65b9\u4e3b\u6a5f\u56de\u61c9\u65b7\u7dda\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u5c01\u5305
\u3000FIN_WAIT1\uff1a\u8a72socket\u5df2\u4e2d\u65b7,\u8a72\u9023\u7dda\u6b63\u5728\u65b7\u7dda\u7576\u4e2d
\u3000SYN_RECV\uff1a\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u8981\u6c42\u9023\u7dda\u7684syn\u5c01\u5305
\u3000SYN_SENT\uff1a\u767c\u51fa\u4e3b\u52d5\u9023\u7dda\u7684SYN\u5c01\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n

………………………<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8def\u7531\u4fee\u6539
route [option]<\/strong>
option\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b
-n \uff1a\u4e0d\u5217\u51fa\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u6216\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5217\u51faIP\u548cport
-ee \uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4f86\u986f\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f7f\u7528route -ee\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
122-124-128-254 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 \/\/ppp0\u4ecb\u9762\u9023\u5230\u4e3b\u6a5f122.124.128.254
192.168.100.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
169.254.0.0 * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 \/\/169.254.0.0\/16\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7d50eth0\u4ecb\u9762
default * 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 ppp0 \/\/\u82e5\u4e0d\u77e5\u76ee\u5730\u70ba\u4f55,\u9001\u5230ppp0\u4ecb\u9762
ps:\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u6392\u5217\u662f\u7531\u5c0f\u7db2\u57df\u6392\u5230\u5927\u7db2\u57df
\u5404\u6b04\u4f4d\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4e0b
Destination\u548cgenmask:\u6240\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u7db2\u8def
gateway\uff1a\u901a\u904e\u90a3\u500b\u7db2\u8def\u5230destination,\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u503c
\u30000.0.0.0\u6216*:\u8868\u793a\u8a72\u7db2\u8def\u76f4\u63a5\u8207\u672c\u6a5f\u76f8\u9023,\u7531\u672c\u6a5f\u50b3\u9001
\u3000ip:\u8868\u793adestination\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u6b64ip\u624d\u53ef\u5230\u9054
flags\uff1a\u65d7\u6a19,\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u72c0\u614b\uff1a
\u3000U(route is up) \u8a72\u8def\u4e2d\u555f\u52d5\u4e2d
\u3000H(target is host) \u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u4e3b\u6a5f
\u3000G(use gateway)\u9700\u8981\u900f\u904e\u5916\u90e8gateway\u50b3\u905e\u5c01\u5305
\u3000R(reinstate route for dynamic routing) \u4f7f\u7528\u52d5\u614b\u8def\u4e2d\u6642\u6062\u5fa9\u8def\u7531\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684flag
\u3000D(dynamically installed by daemon or redirect)
\u3000M(modified from routing daemon or redirect) \u8def\u7531\u5df1\u88ab\u4fee\u6539
\u3000! (reject route) \u6b64\u8def\u7531\u5c07\u4e0d\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7
iface\u7db2\u8def\u754c\u9762<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a2d\u5b9a\u8def\u7531
route < add|del> < -net|-host> < ip> netmask < mask> < dev < interface>|gw < ip>><\/strong>
ps:\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c07\u540c\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684ip\u8a2d\u5728\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a
ex:\u8a2d\u5099eth0\u9023\u63a5\u5230192.168.100.0\/24\u7684\u7db2\u8def
route add -net 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
ex:192.168.10.0\/24\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u8981\u900f\u904e192.168.0.100
route add -net 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a2d\u5b9a\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u7531
route < add|del> default gw < ip><\/strong>
ex:\u65b0\u589e\u9810\u8a2d\u8def\u7531,gateway\u70ba192.168.10.1
route add default gw 192.168.10.1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

………………………..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u770b\u4ecb\u9762\u8cc7\u8a0a
ifconfig [interface]<\/strong>
\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0F:EA:A3:06:A2
\u3000\u3000inet addr:192.168.10.100 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
\u3000\u3000inet6 addr: fe80::20f:eaff:fe73:682\/64 Scope:Link
\u3000\u3000UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
\u3000\u3000RX packets:3439 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
\u3000\u3000TX packets:2735 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
\u3000\u3000collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
\u3000\u3000RX bytes:646935 (631.7 KiB) TX bytes:562313 (549.1 KiB)
\u3000\u3000Interrupt:209 Memory:fb000000-0
eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0F:EA:A3:06:A2
\u3000\u3000inet addr:192.168.200.2 Bcast:192.168.200.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
\u3000\u3000UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
\u3000\u3000Interrupt:209 Memory:fb000000-0
\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4e0b
eth0:\u7db2\u5361\u4ee3\u865f
eth0:0:eth0\u7de8\u865f0\u7684\u5b50\u754c\u9762
HWaddr:\u7db2\u5361\u786c\u9ad4\u4f4d\u5740
inet addr:IP\u4f4d\u5740,Bcaset\u662fBroadcast,Mask\u662fnetmask
RX:\u7db2\u8def\u7531\u555f\u52d5\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u63a5\u6536\u60c5\u6cc1
TX:\u7db2\u8def\u7531\u555f\u52d5\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\u7684\u50b3\u9001\u60c5\u6cc1
packets\u8868\u5c01\u5305\u6578,errors\u8868\u5c01\u5305\u767c\u751f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6578\u91cf,dropped\u8868\u5c01\u5305\u6709\u554f\u984c\u800c\u906d\u4e1f\u68c4\u7684\u6578\u91cf
collisions\uff1a\u5c01\u5305\u78b0\u649e\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1,\u6b64\u503c\u82e5\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u7db2\u8def\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0d\u592a\u597d
txqueuelen:\u50b3\u8f38\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u5132\u5b58\u9577\u5ea6
bytes:\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u7e3d\u91cf
Interrupt:IRQ
Memory\uff1a\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4f4d\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u555f\u52d5\u6216\u95dc\u9589\u4ecb\u9762
ifconfig < interface> < up|down><\/strong>
ps:\u555f\u52d5\u4ecb\u9762\u6642\u662f\u4ee5ifcfg-*\u6a94\u6848\u70ba\u53c3\u6578
ex:\u95dc\u6389eth0\u4ecb\u9762
ifconfig eth0 down<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66ab\u6642\u4fee\u6539\u7db2\u8def\u4ecb\u9762
ifconfg < interface> [ip] [netmask < netmask>] [mtu < value>]<\/strong>
ex:\u66ab\u6642\u4fee\u6539eth0\u7684ip\u70ba192.168.100.100
ifconfig eth0 192.168.100.100
ex:\u8a2d\u5b9aeth0\u7684ip\u70ba192.168.100.100,mask\u70ba\/25,mtu\u70ba2000
ifconfig eth0 192.168.100.100 netmask 255.255.255.128 mtu 2000
ex:\u8a2d\u5b9aeth0\u7684mtu\u70ba3000
ifconfig eth0 mtu 3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ecb\u9762\u6a21\u64ec\u51fa\u5b50\u754c\u9762
ifconfig < interface>:< id> < IP> netmask < netmask> [up|down]<\/strong>
\u5e38\u7528\u505a\u6e2c\u8a66
ex:\u7528eth0\u4ecb\u9762\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u500b192.168.0.100\/24\u7684\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762
ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
ps:\u82e5eth0\u95dc\u6389,\u6240\u6709\u7531eth0\u4ecb\u9762\u865b\u64ec\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\u4e5f\u6703\u4e00\u4f75\u95dc\u6389<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u555f\u52d5\u6df7\u96dc\u6a21\u5f0f
ifconfig < device> promisc<\/strong>
\u53ef\u76e3\u807d\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u8a0a\u606f
\u555f\u52d5\u6642\u7cfb\u7d71log\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8a18\u9304
kernel: eth0: Promiscuous mode enabled.
kernel: device eth0 entered promiscuous mode
kernel: device eth0 left promiscuous mode<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a2d\u5b9amtu\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528jumbo frame
\u6ce8\u610f:\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u4ecb\u9762\u4e5f\u9700\u652f\u63f4\u6548\u7387\u8f03\u4f73,\u5426\u5247frame\u6703\u4e00\u76f4\u82b1\u8cc7\u6e90\u505a\u5207\u5272 
ifconfig < device> mtu < value><\/strong>
ex:
#ifconfig eth0 mtu 9000
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0F:EA:A3:06:A2
\u3000\u3000inet addr:192.168.10.100 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
\u3000\u3000inet6 addr: fe80::20f:eaff:fe73:682\/64 Scope:Link
\u3000\u3000UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:9000<\/strong> Metric:1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5075\u6e2c\u7db2\u8defnetstat [option]option\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b- …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-650","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linuxsystem"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=650"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}