\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u53ef\u5206\u70ba
character oriented\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u4f4e\u901f\u8a2d\u5099
ex:keyboard,mouse,modem
block oriented\u5340\u584a\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u8a2d\u5099
ex:floppy,CD-ROM<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def \u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def\u4e3b\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u5143\u4ef6 ………………………………<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u5206 \u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def\u4f9d\u50b3\u8f38\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u5206 \u5e38\u898b\u4ecb\u9762\u6709 …………………………………..<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u532f\u6d41\u6392\u4f9d\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u5206\u70ba \u5e38\u898b\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u6709 ……………………………………..<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u5b9a\u5740\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709: ………….<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u9001\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709: DMA\u904b\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f: DMA\u50b3\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709: IOPs\u904b\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f i\/o channel(\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u901a\u9053) ………….<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099synchronization(\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u8abf)\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u865f synchronous i\/o(\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa):\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u8abf<\/strong> ……………………………………….<\/p>\n\n\n\n bus arbitration\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u4ef2\u88c1\u5668 \u88fd\u4f5cbus arbitration\u9700\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u7dda,\u5305\u62ec: \u532f\u6d41\u6392\u983b\u5bec\u914d\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565\u6709: \u532f\u6d41\u6392\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565\u6709: \u532f\u6d41\u6392\u56de\u6536\u7b56\u7565\u6709: \u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u53ef\u5206\u70bacharacter oriented\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44\u5c0e\u5411 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-computerarchitecture"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=732"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/732\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u8aaa\u660e:\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u8207\u4e2d\u592e\u8655\u7406\u5668\u7684\u7de9\u885d\u5340
\u529f\u80fd:\u5354\u8abfcpu\u8207\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u4e4b\u9593\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u50b3\u9001,\u4e26\u8655\u7406\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u53ca\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u904b\u4f5c
\u7528\u9014:\u6240\u6709\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u5fc5\u9808\u900f\u904e\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def\u624d\u80fd\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392
\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u8f38\u5165\u6642:<\/strong>
\u9808\u5c07\u8f38\u5165\u8a2d\u5099\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f49\u63db\u6210\u70ba\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5f62\u5f0f,\u518d\u7d93\u904e\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u50b3\u5230\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u55ae\u5143
ex:\u78c1\u789f\u6a5f\u8cc7\u6599\u5f62\u5f0f\u70basector(\u78c1\u5340),\u8f38\u5165\u6642\u9700\u7d93\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def\u8f49\u63db\u6210word(\u5b57\u7d44),\u624d\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u5230\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4
\u8f38\u51fa\u5230\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u6642:<\/strong>
\u9808\u5c07\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u55ae\u5143\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5f62\u5f0f\u7d93\u904e\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u50b3\u9001\u5230\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def,\u518d\u8f49\u63db\u6210\u8f38\u51fa\u8a2d\u5099\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u578b\u5f0f
ex:\u6578\u64da\u6a5f\u8cc7\u6599\u5f62\u5f0f\u70babit(\u4f4d\u5143),\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u50b3word\u5230\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392,\u5728\u7d93\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def\u8f49\u63db\u6210bit\u624d\u53ef\u9032\u884c\u50b3\u8f38<\/p>\n\n\n\n
address decoder(\u4f4d\u5740\u89e3\u78bc\u5668)
daa register(\u8cc7\u6599\u66ab\u5b58\u5668)
control circuit(\u63a7\u5236\u96fb\u8def)
status register(\u72c0\u614b\u66ab\u5b58\u5668)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
parallel transmission\u5e73\u884c\u8f38\u5165:\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u689d\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u7dda,\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u50b3\u9001\u591a\u4f4d\u5143,\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2
serial transmission\u5e8f\u5217\u8f38\u5165:\u4f7f\u75281\u689d\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u8f38\u7dda,\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u53ef\u50b3\u90011\u500b\u4f4d\u5143,\u9069\u5408\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
parallel interface\u5e73\u884c\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def
serial interface\u5e8f\u5217\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def<\/p>\n\n\n\n
RS232(recommended standard-232)\/recommendation v24
\u5e8f\u5217\u4ecb\u9762,9\/25\u500b\u63a5\u8173,\u975e\u540c\u6b65\u5354\u8abf\u50b3\u8f38,\u6bcf\u79d29600bit
centronics(\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u4ecb\u9762)
\u5e73\u884c\u4ecb\u9762,36\u500b\u63a5\u8173,\u975e\u540c\u6b65\u5354\u8abf\u50b3\u8f38,\u6bcf\u79d2200kb
IDE(integrated drive electronics,\u6574\u5408\u9a45\u52d5\u96fb\u5b50\u4ecb\u9762)
\u5e73\u884c\u4ecb\u9762,40\u500b\u63a5\u8173,\u540c\u6b65\u5354\u8abf\u50b3\u8f38,\u6bcf\u79d28.33mb
SCSI(small computer system interface,\u5c0f\u578b\u96fb\u8166\u7cfb\u7d71\u4ecb\u9762)
\u5e73\u884c\u4ecb\u9762,50\u500b\u63a5\u8173,\u540c\u6b65\u5354\u8abf\u50b3\u8f38,\u6bcf\u79d210mb,8bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6
AGP(advanced graphics port,\u9ad8\u7b49\u5716\u5f62\u4ecb\u9762)
\u5e73\u884c\u4ecb\u9762,36\u500b\u63a5\u8173,\u540c\u6b65\u5354\u8abf\u50b3\u8f38,\u6bcf\u79d2528mb,64bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6,66mhz\u50b3\u8f38\u983b\u7387
USB(universal serial bus,\u901a\u7528\u5e8f\u5217\u532f\u6d41\u6392)
\u5e8f\u5217\u4ecb\u9762,\u540c\u6b65\/\u975e\u540c\u6b65\u5354\u8abf\u50b3\u8f38,\u6bcf\u79d21.5mb,\u53ef\u9023\u63a5127\u90e8\u8a2d\u5099,\u652f\u63f4plug&play
\u7531intel,compaq,nec,digital,ibm,northern telecom,microsoft\u5171\u540c\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6a19\u6e96
IEEE1394
\u5e8f\u5217\u4ecb\u9762,\u540c\u6b65\/\u975e\u540c\u6b65\u5354\u8abf\u50b3\u8f38,\u6bcf\u79d250mb,\u53ef\u9023\u63a563\u90e8\u8a2d\u5099,\u652f\u63f4plug&play,\u4f7f\u7528\u96db\u83ca\u93c8\u6216\u662f\u6a39\u72c0\u62d3\u6a38
\u7531\u860b\u679c\u96fb\u8166\u516c\u53f8\u6240\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a19\u6e96
bluetooth(\u85cd\u82bd)
\u7121\u7dda\u901a\u8a0a\u6a19\u6e96,\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0a\u50b356kbps\u4e0b\u8f09721kbps,\u53ef\u8cc7\u6599\u52a0\u5bc6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
dedicated bus\u5c08\u7528\u532f\u6d41\u6392:\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u529f\u80fd,\u50b3\u9001\u983b\u5bec\u5927,\u6210\u672c\u9ad8
ex:\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u532f\u6d41\u6392,\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u532f\u6d41\u6392
shared bus\u5171\u7528\u532f\u6d41\u6392:\u53ef\u626e\u6f14\u591a\u89d2\u8272,\u50b3\u9001\u983b\u5bec\u5c0f,\u7dda\u8def\u7c21\u55ae\u6210\u672c\u4f4e,\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u4ef2\u88c1\u5668\u529f\u80fd
ex:\u7cfb\u7d71\u532f\u6d41\u6392
\u4e5f\u53ef\u5206\u70ba
processor-memory bus:\u9023\u63a5cpu\u548c\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u9593\u7684\u532f\u6d41\u6392,\u53c8\u7a31local bus(\u5340\u57df\u532f\u6d41\u6392)
ex:isa,eisa,pci
backplane bus:\u9023\u63a5\u591a\u500b\u4e3b\u6a5f\u677f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u532f\u6d41\u6392
ex:vme bus,multibus2,nebus
I\/O bus:\u9023\u63a5\u5404\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u8207\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u532f\u6d41\u6392
ex:ide,scsi,ieee1394<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ISA(industry standard architecture,\u5de5\u696d\u6a19\u6e96\u67b6\u69cb)
8bit\/16bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6,8.33mhz\u50b3\u8f38\u983b\u7387,\u8cc7\u6599\u983b\u5bec\u53ef\u90548.33\/16.66mb
MCA(micro channel architecture,\u5fae\u901a\u9053\u67b6\u69cb)
32bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6,10mhz\u50b3\u8f38\u983b\u7387,\u8cc7\u6599\u983b\u5bec\u53ef\u905440mb
EISA(extended ISA,\u5ef6\u4f38\u5de5\u696d\u6a19\u6e96\u67b6\u69cb)
32bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6,8.33mhz\u50b3\u8f38\u983b\u7387,\u8cc7\u6599\u983b\u5bec\u53ef32mb
PCI(phripheral component interconnect,\u9031\u908a\u5143\u4ef6\u9023\u63a5)
64bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6,33\/133mhz\u50b3\u8f38\u983b\u7387,\u8cc7\u6599\u983b\u5bec\u53ef\u9054264mb\/1g
multibus\/ieee796
16bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6
multibus2\/ieee1296
32bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6
IEEE488
8bit\u8cc7\u6599\u5bec\u5ea6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
isolated i\/o(\u5206\u96e2\u5f0f\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa)<\/strong>:\u4e5f\u7a31io-mapped i\/o(\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u5c0d\u6620\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa)
\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u6709\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593
ex:\u5047\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593=x,\u5247\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593=IO\u7684\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593=x
\u4f7f\u7528\u5c08\u7528\u532f\u6d41\u6392,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u55ae\u7368\u4f7f\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u689dio\u532f\u6d41\u6392
\u9700\u8981speical-instruction i\/o(\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u6307\u4ee4)
\u512a\u9ede:\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u7a7a\u9593\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u4f54\u7528\u4e14\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u9593\u5927,\u9031\u908a\u64f4\u5145\u4f73
\u7f3a\u9ede:\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u5f48\u6027\u5c0f,\u96fb\u8def\u8f03\u8907\u96dc
memory-mapped i\/o(\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5c0d\u6620\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa)<\/strong>
\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u7684\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593\u662f\u9644\u5c6c\u5728\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u55ae\u5143\u4e4b\u4e2d,io\u8cc7\u6599\u5b58\u53d6\u8207\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5167\u90e8\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6a23
ex:\u5047\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593=x,\u5247\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593+IO\u7684\u5b9a\u5740\u7a7a\u9593=x
\u4f7f\u7528\u5171\u7528\u532f\u6d41\u6392
\u512a\u9ede:\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u5927,\u96fb\u8def\u8f03\u7c21\u55ae
\u7f3a\u9ede:\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u7a7a\u9593\u6703\u88ab\u4f54\u7528\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u9593\u5c0f,\u9031\u908a\u64f4\u5145\u53d7\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n
program controlled i\/o(\u7a0b\u5f0f\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa)<\/strong>:\u7531cpu\u5168\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528io program(\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u7a0b\u5f0f)\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b
\u6574\u9ad4\u6548\u80fd\u6700\u5dee,cpu\u5728\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u4ecb\u5165\u8655\u7406,\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u57f7\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5f0f
\u6210\u672c\u6700\u4f4e,\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u984d\u5916\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def
\u7528\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4f4e\u901f\u8a2d\u5099,\u4f7f\u7528\u72c0\u614b\u6838\u5c0d\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u9032\u884c\u5354\u8abf
interrupt driven i\/o(\u4e2d\u65b7\u8da8\u52d5\u7684\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa)<\/strong>:\u589e\u52a0\u4e2d\u65b7\u96fb\u8def\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa
\u6574\u9ad4\u6548\u80fd\u7a0d\u5dee,\u6210\u672c\u7a0d\u4f4e
DMA(direct memory access,\u76f4\u63a5\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5b58\u53d6)<\/strong>:\u4e0d\u9700cpu\u5373\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u63ee\u9031\u908a\u8207\u4e3b\u8a18\u9ad4\u9593\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u50b3\u9001
\u6574\u9ad4\u6548\u80fd\u8f03\u4f73,\u4e0d\u9700cpu\u6d89\u5165\u5176\u4e2d
\u6210\u672c\u8f03\u9ad8,\u4f7f\u7528dma controller\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u63a7\u5236\u96fb\u8def\u4f86\u6307\u63eecpu\u548c\u9031\u908a
\u53ef\u7528\u5728\u540c\u6b65\u50b3\u9001\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u8a2d\u5099
IOPs(\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u8655\u7406\u5668)<\/strong>:\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u672c\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u5fae\u8655\u7406\u5668\u8ca0\u8cac\u8655\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa
\u6574\u9ad4\u6548\u80fd\u6700\u4f73,\u53ef\u8b93cpu\u4e0d\u9700\u8655\u7406\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa,\u5c08\u9580\u57f7\u884c\u7a0b\u5f0f
\u6210\u672c\u6700\u9ad8,\u4f7f\u7528\u5c08\u9580\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u5fae\u8655\u7406\u5668
\u9069\u5408\u9023\u63a5\u66f4\u591a\u9031\u908a\u5099
ps:three basic i\/o techniques\u662fprogram controlled i\/o,interrupt driven i\/o,dma<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1cpu\u57f7\u884c\u4e00\u500b\u555f\u52d5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4f86\u8a2d\u5b9adma parameters,\u4e26\u555f\u52d5dma controller
2dma controller\u958b\u59cb\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u5de5\u4f5c,cpu\u53ef\u57f7\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c
3\u6240\u6709\u8f38\u51fa\u8f38\u5165\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c,\u7531dma controller\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u65b7\u4fe1\u865f\u901a\u77e5cpu
ps:dma parameters\u662f\u66ab\u5b58\u5668\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8cc7\u6599
DMA controller(DMA\u63a7\u5236\u5668)\u9700\u8981\u7684\u66ab\u5b58\u5668\u6709:
MAR(\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u66ab\u5b58\u5668)
word count register(\u5b57\u7d44\u500b\u6578\u66ab\u5b58\u5668)
command register(\u547d\u4ee4\u66ab\u5b58\u5668)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cycle stealing(\u9031\u671f\u7aca\u53d6):\u9069\u7528\u4f4e\u901f\u8a2d\u5099
dma\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4bus\u9031\u671f\u50b3\u9001\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u7d44,\u5c31\u5c07\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4bus\u4f7f\u7528\u6b0a\u6b78\u9084\u7d66cpu
\u4f9d\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u7684\u8a2d\u5b9a\u53ef\u5206\u70ba:
transparent(\u900f\u901a\u6027):\u82e5cpu\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u9ad8,\u5247\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u8981\u7b49cpu\u4e0d\u7528\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4bus\u9031\u671f\u6642\u624d\u80fd\u50b3\u9001\u8cc7\u6599
non-transparent(\u975e\u900f\u901a\u6027):\u82e5cpu\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u9ad8,\u5247\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099\u53ef\u6436\u596acpu\u6b63\u5728\u7528\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4bus\u9031\u671f
burst mode(\u7206\u767c\u6a21\u5f0f):\u9069\u7528\u9ad8\u901f\u8a2d\u5099
dma\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e00\u6b21\u7528\u591a\u500b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4bus\u9031\u671f\u50b3\u9001\u5927\u91cf\u5b57\u7d44,\u7b49\u5168\u90e8\u50b3\u9001\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\u5c31\u5c07\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4bus\u4f7f\u7528\u6b0a\u6b78\u9084\u7d66cpu
cpu\u548cdma\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u53d6\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u6642,\u9ad8\u901f\u4e14\u540c\u6b65\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u9031\u908a\u53ef\u5f97\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1cpu\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u6b8a\u6307\u4ee4\u5c07channel program\u7684\u4f4d\u5740\u50b3\u9001\u7d66io channel
2io channel\u4f7f\u7528cycle stealing\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f,\u5230\u4e3b\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97channel program
3\u57f7\u884cchannel program\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa\u904b\u4f5c
4\u5168\u90e8\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u9001\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c,io channel\u9001\u51fa\u4e2d\u65b7\u8a0a\u865f\u901a\u77e5cpu
ps:\u8207\u8cc7\u6599\u50b3\u9001\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u500bchannel program(\u901a\u9053\u7a0b\u5f0f)\u7684\u578b\u5f0f\u653e\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u55ae\u5143\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u9023\u63a5\u591a\u90e8\u7684dma controller,\u53ef\u57f7\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f38\u5165\/\u8f38\u51fa\u7a0b\u5f0f,\u7528\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9031\u908a\u8a2d\u5099
\u4e09\u7a2e\u88fd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f:
multiplexer channel(\u591a\u5de5\u5668\u901a\u9053)
selector channel(\u9078\u64c7\u5668\u901a\u9053)
block multiplexer channel(\u5340\u584a\u591a\u5de5\u5668\u901a\u9053)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
synchronization\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u50b3\u9001\u7aef\u8207\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u901f\u5ea6\u80fd\u5920\u9054\u5230\u4e00\u81f4
\u4ecb\u9762\u96fb\u8def\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u865f\u5305\u62ec:
transfer mode\u50b3\u9001\u6a21\u5f0f:\u6307\u51fa\u662f\u8b80\u53d6\u6216\u5beb\u5165,\u4ee5\u53ca\u8cc7\u6599\u55ae\u4f4d\u662f\u5b57\u7d44\u6216\u4f4d\u5143\u7d44
transfer timing\u50b3\u9001\u6642\u5e8f:\u8ca0\u8cac\u8cc7\u6599\u9001\u51fa\u6216\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6642\u9593,\u5be6\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u540c\u6b65\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u8abf\u548c\u975e\u540c\u6b65\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u8abf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u50b3\u9001\u65b9\u8207\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u9593\u6709\u4e00\u5171\u7528\u8a08\u6642\u5668,\u4e26\u7528\u4e00\u689d\u63a7\u5236\u7dda\u50b3\u9001\u5171\u7528\u8a08\u6642\u5668\u7684\u6642\u5e8f\u4fe1\u865f,\u7576\u6210\u5169\u8005\u9593\u7684transfer timing
\u505a\u6cd5\u7c21\u55ae,\u4f4e\u901f\u8a2d\u5099\u5f71\u97ff\u9ad8\u901f\u8a2d\u5099,\u53ef\u9760\u5ea6\u4f4e
asynchronous i\/o(\u975e\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u8f38\u51fa)<\/strong>:\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u540c\u6b65\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u8abf
\u50b3\u9001\u65b9\u8207\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528ready(\u5099\u59a5\u4fe1\u865f)\u548caccept(\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u865f)\u7576\u6210\u5169\u8005\u9593\u7684transfer timing
\u4f7f\u7528handshake protocol\u9032\u884c\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u5354\u8abf
\u505a\u6cd5\u8907\u96dc,\u9ad8\u901f\u8a2d\u5099\u4e0d\u53d7\u4f4e\u901f\u8a2d\u5099\u5f71\u97ff,\u53ef\u9760\u5ea6\u4f73
handshake protocol(\u63e1\u624b\u5354\u5b9a)
\u50b3\u9001\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528ready\u901a\u77e5\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u8cc7\u6599\u5df1\u50b3\u9001,\u5728\u7531\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528accept\u901a\u77e5\u50b3\u9001\u65b9\u5df1\u63a5\u6536,\u5169\u8005\u9593\u9700\u7b49\u5230\u5c0d\u65b9\u56de\u61c9\u5f8c\u624d\u53ef\u7e7c\u7e8c\u52d5\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5354\u8abf\u591a\u500bbus master\u4f7f\u7528\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u7684\u9806\u5e8f
bus master(\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u63a7\u5236\u8005)\u662f\u5177\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u55ae\u5143
ex:cpu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bus request(\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u8981\u6c42\u7dda)
bus grant(\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u540c\u610f\u7dda)
bus busy(\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u5fd9\u788c\u7dda)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
static bus arbitration(\u975c\u614b\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u4ef2\u88c1)
dynamic bus arbitration(\u52d5\u614b\u532f\u6d41\u6392\u4ef2\u88c1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
priority(\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u70ba\u4e3b)
fairness(\u516c\u5e73\u5206\u914d)
combined(\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
release on request(\u8981\u6c42\u6642\u91cb\u653e)
release when done(\u50b3\u9001\u5f8c\u91cb\u653e)
preemption(\u6436\u596a\u5f8c\u91cb\u653e)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"