VLAN(Virtual LAN,\u865b\u64ec\u5340\u7db2)\/(Logical LAN,\u908f\u8f2f\u7db2\u8def)
IEEE\u4ee3\u865f\u70ba802.1Q
\u5c6c\u65bclayer 2\u6280\u8853
ps:
VBLAN(Virtual Bridged LAN,\u865b\u64ec\u6a4b\u63a5\u7db2\u8def):\u5728\u6a4b\u63a5\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u670d\u52d9
802.1q tunneling:ISP use to support overlapping customer VLAN ID’s over transparent LAN services
\u767c\u5c55vlan\u6280\u8853\u56db\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u52d5\u80fd
\u652f\u63f4\u865b\u64ec\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u9700\u6c42:\u57fa\u65bc\u529f\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u7fa4\u65cf
\u7c21\u5316\u7db2\u8def\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f:\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099\u6dfb\u52a0,\u79fb\u9664,\u66f4\u52d5\u7c21\u55ae
\u63d0\u6607\u7db2\u8def\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387:\u8a0a\u6846\u53ea\u5728\u6b64vlan\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u57e0\u9593\u4ea4\u63db,\u4e0d\u6703\u6d41\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d,\u907f\u514d\u5ee3\u64ad\u6c3e\u6feb
\u52a0\u5f37\u7db2\u8def\u5b89\u5168:\u975e\u5b89\u5168\u8a2d\u5099,\u4f46\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u8def\u901a\u8a0a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027
vlan\u7279\u6027
use logical grouping of physical location:\u5be6\u9ad4\u7fa4\u7d44\u908f\u8f2f\u5316\u5177\u5f48\u6027,\u6210\u54e1\u53ef\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u6216\u9000\u51favlan
\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5ee3\u64ad\u7db2\u57df:\u5ee3\u64ad\u6216\u7fa4\u64ad\u8a0a\u6846\u53ea\u7d66\u8a72vlan\u7684\u6210\u54e1
\u53ef\u5c07lan\u5206\u500b\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684lan,\u4e14\u53efspan(\u8de8\u8d8a)\u591a\u500b\u4ea4\u63db\u5668
\u5177\u9632\u706b\u7246\u6548\u679c:\u4e0d\u540cvlan\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u4e0d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8a0a,\u9700\u7528\u5230router\u6216layer3switch
\u9069\u7528IEEE 802\u4e0b\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u8a2d\u5099\u8207\u5340\u7db2\u578b\u614b:\u5340\u7db2\u53efEthernet,Token-Ring,FDDI,Token-bus,Fast Ethernet,Gigabit Ethernet,IEEE 802.11<\/p>\n\n\n\n
………………………….. ps: …………………….<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5\u7a2eVLAN\u67b6\u69cb<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1Port-based VLAN (\u4ee5\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u4e4b\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def)\/static vlan(\u975c\u614bvlan)\uff1a 2MAC-based VLAN (\u4ee5MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u4e4b\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def)\/dynamic vlan(\u52d5\u614bvlan)\uff1a 3IP subnet-based VLAN (\u4ee5IP\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u4e4b\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def)\uff1a 4Layer-3-based VLAN (\u4ee5\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u4e4b\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def)\uff1a 5Rule-based VLAN (\u4ee5\u539f\u5247\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def): ……………………………………<\/p>\n\n\n\n Distribution\/Resolution(\u8cc7\u8a0a\u50b3\u4f48\u8207\u6210\u54e1\u89e3\u6790) \u5728\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\u8f49\u9001\u8a0a\u6846,\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u898f\u5247\u5236\u5b9a \u8a0a\u6846\u4e4b\u6a19\u7c64\u7d50\u69cb\u5206\u70ba vlan\u76f8\u95dc\u5b9a\u7fa9: …………………<\/p>\n\n\n\n vlan\u7684\u4f48\u7f72<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5be6\u4f5cvlan network\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8cc7\u6e90 \u4f48\u7f72\u7b56\u7565: End-to-end VLANs(campuswide VLANs)<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n ………………… <\/p>\n\n\n\n Learning process(\u4f4d\u5740\u5b78\u7fd2\u7a0b\u5f0f):\u89c0\u5bdf\u8a0a\u6846\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u4f4d\u5740\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u8a72\u8a0a\u6846\u6240\u5c6cvlan\u66f4\u6539\u904e\u6ffe\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab VLAN(Virtual LAN,\u865b\u64ec\u5340\u7db2)\/(Logica …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-osi-layer2"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=807"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/807\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=807"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=807"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
vlan\u5fc5\u5099
\u9808\u6709VID(vlanid,\u8fa8\u8b58\u78bc)\u8fa8\u8a8d\u8a0a\u6846\u662f\u5c6c\u54ea\u500bvlan,802.1q\u4e2d\u53ef\u8a2d1024\u500b,switch\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u67094096\u500b
vlan\u8a2d\u5099\u9700\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u8a2d\u5099\u5171\u5b58
vlan\u672a\u555f\u52d5\u6642\u61c9\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u8a2d\u5099\u4e00\u6a23
\u9700\u900f\u904e\u652f\u63f4vlan\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4ea4\u63db\u5668
\u5728vlan\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u6216\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u9700\u8a2d\u7acb\u90a3\u500bvlan\u7d93\u7531\u90a3\u500b\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u7684\u7d44\u614b\u8868
\u53ef\u89c0\u5bdf\u7d93\u904e\u7684\u8a0a\u6846\u9032\u884c\u81ea\u52d5\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7d44\u614b\u8868
\u65b9\u6cd5
1\u5148\u8a2d\u5b9aVID(VLAN ID)\u7d66\u5404\u9023\u63a5\u57e0
2\u50b3\u9001\u7aef\u9001802.3\u8a0a\u6846,\u5247vlan\u76f8\u5bb9\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u81ea\u52d5\u5728\u8a0a\u6846\u52a0vlan\u6b04
\u82e5\u50b3\u9001\u7aef\u9001802.1q\u8a0a\u6846,\u5247\u76f4\u63a5\u9001\u5373\u53ef,\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u8a0a\u6846\u52a0vlan\u6b04
3\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5vlan\u70ba\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8868\u683c(\u8a72\u4f7f\u7528\u90a3\u500b\u9023\u63a5\u57e0,\u662f\u5426\u8207vlan\u76f8\u5bb9)\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8981\u50b3\u53bb\u4f55\u8655
4\u50b3\u9001,\u82e5\u50b3\u9001\u7d66\u820a\u5f0f\u8a2d\u5099\u5247\u5c07\u8a0a\u6846\u6062\u5fa9,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u628avlan\u6b04\u62ff\u6389
802.1Q frame:4byte<\/strong>
\u653e\u5728802.3frame\u7684src addr\u548ctype\/length\u6b04\u4f4d\u4e4b\u9593
\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b
VLAN protocol ID\/TPID(Tag Protocol Identifier):2byte,\u56fa\u5b9a0x8100\u8868\u793a\u70ba802.1q tag
TCI(Tag Control Information):2byte,\u6b04\u4f4d\u5982\u4e0b
\u3000pri:3bit,\u5be6\u4f5cCOS(class-of-service),\u53ef\u5206\u8fa6\u56b4\u683c\u6216\u8f15\u9b06\u5373\u6642\u6d41\u91cf,\u975e\u5373\u6642\u6d41\u91cf,\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f03\u4f73\u54c1\u8cea,\u4ee5\u7b26\u5408IEEE802.1p
\u3000cfi(Canonical Format Indicator):1bit,\u6a19\u6e96\u683c\u5f0f\u6307\u793a\u78bc,\u8868\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5143\u512a\u5148mac\u4f4d\u5740,\u6216\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5143\u512a\u5148mac\u4f4d\u5740,\u56e0\u722d\u8b70\u800c\u7121\u4f7f\u7528
\u3000\u3000flagging whether the MAC addresses are in Ethernet or Token Ring format.
\u3000\u3000(This also is known as canonical format, or little-endian or big-endian format.)
\u3000VLAN identifier(12bit)\uff1a\u7528\u4f86\u6a19\u793aframe\u7684vlan,\u53ef\u6307\u5b9a\u7bc4\u570d\u70ba0-4095,0=\u53ea\u6709pri,1=\u9810\u8a2dvlanid,4095=\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u9014 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
frame\u589e\u52a04byte\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u904emtu(1518byte)\u5927\u5c0f\u800c\u7522\u751fbaby giant frames
\u901a\u5e38\u7528802.3ac\u5c07mtu\u8abf\u62101522byte\u89e3\u6c7a
\u52a0\u4e0atag\u5f8c,frame\u5df1\u6539\u8b8a\u56e0\u6b64\u6703\u91cd\u7b97CRC<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u65b9\u6cd5,\u4e0d\u5177\u6210\u54e1\u7570\u52d5\u5f48\u6027(\u8b8a\u66f4\u9808\u91cd\u8a2dvlan),\u4e0d\u652f\u63f4\u4e00\u57e0\u591a\u7db2,\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6700\u9ad8(\u56e0\u4e00\u57e0\u4e00\u7db2)
vlan\u6210\u54e1\u4ee5\u667a\u6167\u578b\u96c6\u7dda\u5668(Intelligent Hub),\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668(Bridges),\u4ea4\u63db\u5668(Switches)\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u55ae\u4f4d
\u512a\u9ede\u662f\u5b9a\u7fa9VLAN\u6210\u54e1\u6642\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\u90fd\u6307\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86
\u7f3a\u9ede\u662f\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u500bVLAN\u7528\u6236\u96e2\u958b\u4e86\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\uff0c\u5230\u65b0\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f\u7684\u67d0\u500b\u9023\u63a5\u57e0\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8f03\u8cbb\u6642,\u8f03\u5177\u6210\u54e1\u7570\u52d5\u5f48\u6027,\u5bb9\u6613\u906d\u7aca\u807d(\u56e0\u4e00\u57e0\u53ef\u591a\u7db2)
vlan\u6210\u54e1\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9MAC\u4f4d\u5740(48bit)\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u55ae\u4f4d
\u512a\u9ede\u662f\u7576\u7528\u6236\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79fb\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u5373\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f\u63db\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f\u6642\uff0cVLAN\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e
\u7f3a\u9ede\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6642\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6236\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u9032\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5e7e\u767e\u500b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7d2f\u7684,\u4e5f\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f\u57f7\u884c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u964d\u4f4e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vlan\u6210\u54e1\u4ee5IP\u5b50\u7db2\u8def\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002
\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u5340\u57df\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8f03\u5177\u6210\u54e1\u7570\u52d5\u5f48\u6027,\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u652f\u63f4\u7fa4\u64ad\u670d\u52d9,\u5bb9\u6613\u906d\u7aca\u807d
vlan\u6210\u54e1\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u5c64\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\uff08\u5982IP\u6216IPX\uff09\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002
\u512a\u9ede\u662f\u7528\u6236\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u4ed6\u6240\u5c6c\u7684VLAN
\u7f3a\u9ede\u662f\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u8b93\u6676\u7247\u80fd\u6aa2\u67e5IP\u8868\u982d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u66f4\u8cbb\u6642<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u5177\u6210\u54e1\u7570\u52d5\u5f48\u6027(\u53ea\u7ba1\u5c01\u5305\u5167\u5bb9\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5c01\u5305\u9032\u51fa\u57e0),\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u652f\u63f4\u7fa4\u64ad\u670d\u52d9,\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6709\u5f48\u6027
\u53ef\u975e\u5e38\u5f48\u6027\u7684\u8a02\u5b9a\u539f\u5247\u898f\u756b\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u3002\u8f03\u65b0\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u9808\u9760\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u6aa2\u8996\u5c01\u5305\u4e0a\u8f03\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u90e8\u4efd<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/td> Port-based(IEEE 802.1Q)<\/td> Mac-based<\/td> Layer-3- based<\/td> Rule-based<\/td><\/tr> <\/td> \u667a\u6167\u578b\u96c6\u7dda\u5668<\/td> \u4ea4\u63db\u5668<\/td> <\/td> <\/td> <\/td><\/tr> \u6210\u54e1\u914d\u7f6e\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6<\/td> \u5bb9\u6613<\/td> \u5bb9\u6613<\/td> \u56f0\u96e3<\/td> \u4e2d\u9593<\/td> \u4e2d\u9593<\/td><\/tr> \u5f48\u6027<\/td> \u7121<\/td> \u7121<\/td> \u4e2d\u7b49<\/td> \u4e2d\u7b49<\/td> \u9ad8<\/td><\/tr> \u6539\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u7fa4\u7d44\u983b\u5bec\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387<\/td> \u5426<\/td> \u662f<\/td> \u662f<\/td> \u662f<\/td> \u662f<\/td><\/tr> \u7fa4\u64ad\u670d\u52d9<\/td> \u4e0d\u4f73<\/td> \u4e0d\u4f73<\/td> \u4e0d\u4f73<\/td> \u4f73<\/td> \u4f73<\/td><\/tr> \u4e00\u57e0\u591a\u7db2<\/td> \u4e0d\u53ef<\/td> \u4e0d\u53ef<\/td> \u53ef\u80fd<\/td> \u53ef\u80fd<\/td> \u53ef\u80fd<\/td><\/tr> \u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/td> \u9ad8<\/td> \u9ad8<\/td> \u4e2d\u4f4e<\/td> \u4e2d\u4f4e<\/td> \u5177\u9078\u64c7\u6027<\/td><\/tr> \u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u6210\u54e1\u8de8\u4ea4\u63db\u5668<\/td> \u4e0d\u53ef<\/td> \u53ef\u80fd<\/td> \u53ef\u80fd<\/td> \u53ef<\/td> \u53ef<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5c07vlan\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u50b3\u4f48\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\/\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u3002\u4f7f\u6bcf\u90e8\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\/\u4ea4\u63db\u5668\u6536\u5230\u8a0a\u6846\u6642\u80fd\u8fa8\u8b58\u8a72\u8a0a\u6846\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u500bvlan
\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b:
Declaration protocols (\u5ba3\u544a\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a) :\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u8207VLAN associations (\u95dc\u9023) \u7531\u7db2\u8def\u50b3\u7d66\u5404\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668
ex:IEEE 802.1Q\u5236\u8a02\u4e4bGVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol)
Request\/Response protocols (\u8981\u6c42\/\u56de\u8986\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a) :\u8981\u6c42\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e4b\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7d50\u95dc\u4fc2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ingress rules(\u8f38\u5165\u898f\u5247):\u78ba\u8a8d\u63a5\u6536\u4e4b\u8a0a\u6846\u8207\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u4e4b\u96b8\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2
Forwarding rules(\u8f49\u9001\u898f\u5247):\u6c7a\u5b9a\u63a5\u6536\u4e4b\u8a0a\u6846\u61c9\u7531\u54ea\u4e9b\u57e0\u8f49\u9001
Egress rules(\u8f38\u51fa\u898f\u5247):\u8f49\u63db\u8a0a\u6846\u683c\u5f0f(ex:ethernet\u8f49tokenring)\/\u6a19\u7c64\u8655\u7406(ex:\u8a0a\u6846\u8cbc\u4e0a,\u53bb\u6389,\u8b8a\u66f4\u6a19\u7c64\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f)
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u898f\u5247\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c
\u5c07\u672a\u8cbc\u6a19\u7c64\u8a0a\u6846\u6b78\u70ba\u67d0\u7279\u5b9a\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u8a0a\u6846\u53ef\u7528port\u4e0a\u5206\u914d\u7684port vlan id
\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7d71\u652f\u63f4\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u5c07\u5404\u57e0PVID\u8a2d\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63d0\u4f9b\u898f\u756b\u591a\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Implicit tagging(\u96b1\u6027\u6a19\u7c64 )\u7528\u8a0a\u6846\u672c\u8eab\u5167\u5bb9\u5224\u65b7\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u500bvlan,\u662funtagged frame vlan
Explicit tagging(\u986f\u6027\u6a19\u7c64)\u5df2\u8cbc\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u4e00\u500bvlan\u7684\u6a19\u7c64,\u662ftagged frame vlan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
VLAN-Aware Devices(\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099)\uff1a\u6709\u914d\u7f6evlan\u8edf\u9ad4\uff0c\u80fd\u8655\u7406vlan\u8a0a\u6846\u7684\u8a2d\u5099
VLAN-Unaware Devices(\u975e\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u8a2d\u5099) \uff1a\u7121\u914d\u7f6evlan\u8edf\u9ad4,\u4e0d\u80fd\u8655\u7406vlan\u8a0a\u6846\u7684\u8a2d\u5099 ex:\u50b3\u7d71\u7684hub,bridge,switch
Access Link(\u63a5\u7e8c\u93c8\u8def) : \u5c07\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u63a5\u7e8c\u81f3\u865b\u64ec\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u5340\u6bb5 ex:Hub,\u4e0d\u8cbc\u6a19\u7c64
Trunk Link(\u4e3b\u5e79\u93c8\u8def)\uff1a\u5c07vlan\u8a2d\u5099(\u53ef\u6a4b\u63a5\u5668\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9)\u9023\u7d50\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u5340\u6bb5,\u6703\u8cbc\u4e0a\u6a19\u7c64
Hybrid Link(\u6df7\u5408\u93c8\u8def)\uff1a\u540c\u6642\u9023\u63a5vlan\u8a2d\u5099\u8207\u975evlan\u8a2d\u5099\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u5340\u6bb5,\u6a19\u7c64\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u7121,\u4f46\u540cvlan\u9808\u4e00\u81f4
Access Port(\u63a5\u7e8c\u57e0)\uff1a\u9023\u63a5\u7e8c\u93c8\u8def\u7684\u57e0 ,\u53ef\u8a2d\u5b9aportfast(\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5f9eblocking\u5230forwarding)only access port\u53ef\u7528
Trunk Port(\u4e3b\u5e79\u57e0)\uff1a\u9023\u4e3b\u5e79\u93c8\u8def\u7684\u57e0
Hybrid Port(\u6df7\u5408\u57e0)\uff1a\u9023\u6df7\u5408\u93c8\u8def\u7684\u57e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Number of IP Subnets
VLAN to IP mapping
Location of each VLAN
VLAN assignments<\/p>\n\n\n\n
End-to-end VLANs
Local VLANs<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8aaa\u660e:span the entire switch fabric of a network
\u9069\u7528\u60c5\u6cc1:80\/20\u60c5\u6cc1,only 80% user traffic stays within the local workgroup,whereas 20% is destined for a remote resource in the campus network
\u512a\u9ede:
1.to support maximum flexibility and mobility of end devices,Users can be assigned to VLANs regardless of their physical location
2.Each VLAN has a common set of security and resource requirements for all members
\u7f3a\u9ede:cumbersome and difficult to maintain
ex:
As a user moves around the campus, that user’s VLAN membership stays the same.
This means that each VLAN must be made available at the access layer in every switch block.
ps:
End-to-end VLANs are not recommended in an enterprise network, unless there is a good reason<\/p>\n\n\n\n
local VLANs<\/strong>
\u9069\u7528\u60c5\u6cc1:20\/80\u60c5\u6cc1,only 20% of traffic is local, whereas 80% is destined to a remote resource across the core layer.
\u512a\u9ede:
1.maximum availability by using multiple paths to destinations
2.maximum scalability by keeping the VLAN within a switch block
3.maximum manageability
\u7f3a\u9ede:user\u6703\u53d7\u9650\u65bcphysical location<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vlan\u8a2d\u8a08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9805<\/strong>
the VLAN should not reach across a network’s core and into another switch block.
The idea again is to keep broadcasts and unnecessary traffic movement out of the core block.
\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7834\u58de
1.broadcast traffic is carried over from one end of the network to the other,
creating the possibility for a broadcast storm or Layer 2 bridging loop to spread across the whole extent of a VLAN.
2.This can exhaust the bandwidth of distribution- and core-layer links, as well as switch CPU resources.
3.Now the storm or loop has disrupted users on the end-to-end VLAN,
in addition to users on other VLANs that might be crossing the core.
4.When such a problem occurs, troubleshooting becomes more difficult.
ps:
In other words,the risks of end-to-end VLANs outweigh the convenience and benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f:
SVL(Shared VLAN Learning, \u5171\u4eab\u5f0f\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u5b78\u7fd2\u6a21\u5f0f)vlan\u6240\u5b78\u5230\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u53ef\u7d66\u5176\u4ed6vlan\u7528
IVL (Independent VLAN Learning, \u7368\u7acb\u5f0f\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def\u5b78\u7fd2\u6a21\u5f0f)vlan\u6240\u5b78\u5230\u7684MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u4e0d\u7d66\u5176\u4ed6vlan\u7528
\u70ba\u907f\u514d\u8a0a\u6846\u8f49\u9001\u6c3e\u6feb\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1,\u5b78\u7fd2\u7a0b\u5f0f\u540c\u6642\u9700\u898f\u7bc4\u4e09\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1
\u9023\u63a5\u591a\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def
MAC\u4f4d\u5740\u91cd\u8907
\u975e\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u865b\u64ec\u7db2\u8def<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"