SIP(session initiation protocol,\u8b70\u7a0b\u521d\u59cb\u5354\u5b9a)
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5728rfc3261,\u7531IETF MMUSIC\u5de5\u4f5c\u7d44\u958b\u767c\u7684\u5354\u8b70
\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u8a2d\u7acb\u7db2\u8def\u96fb\u8a71\u547c\u53eb,\u8996\u8a0a\u6703\u8b70,\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u591a\u5a92\u9ad4\u9023\u7d50
\u4f7f\u7528SDP(session description protocol,\u4ea4\u8ac7\u63cf\u8ff0\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a),\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u901a\u8a71\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u53c3\u6578
\u55ae\u4e00\u6a21\u7d44,\u88ab\u8a2d\u8a08\u6210\u53ef\u8207\u73fe\u5b58\u7db2\u8def\u61c9\u7528\u4e92\u52d5\u826f\u597d,ex\u53ef\u5c07\u96fb\u8a71\u865f\u78bc\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70baurl
\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5354\u8b70\u5354\u540c\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8f03\u5f37\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027
\u53ef\u5efa\u7acb\u96d9\u65b9\u8b70\u7a0b,\u591a\u65b9\u8b70\u7a0b(\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u7686\u53ef\u4e92\u52d5),\u591a\u9ede\u50b3\u9001\u8b70\u7a0b(\u4e00\u5c0d\u591a\u63a5\u6536\u8005)
\u652f\u63f4call forking(\u540c\u6642\u628a\u901a\u8a71\u4fe1\u865f\u8f49\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730),\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u56de\u50b3\u591a\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7d66\u4f7f\u7528\u8005
\u8b70\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u542b\u97f3\u8a0a\u8996\u8a0a\u6216\u8cc7\u6599
\u53ea\u8655\u7406session(\u8b70\u7a0b)\u7684\u8a2d\u7acb,\u7ba1\u7406,\u7d50\u675f
\u4e00\u7a2e\u61c9\u7528\u5c64\u5354\u5b9a,\u53ef\u5728tcp,udp\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c,\u652f\u63f4\u591a\u7a2e\u670d\u52d9,\u6587\u5b57\u70ba\u57fa\u790e(text-based)\u7684\u4effhttp\u5354\u5b9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7f3a\u9ede\uff1a
\u8207\u73fe\u5b58\u96fb\u8a71\u7cfb\u7d71\u4fe1\u865f\u5354\u5b9a\u9593\u4e4b\u4e92\u52d5\u8f03\u5dee,\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u4e92\u76f8\u904b\u4f5c\u554f\u984c
SIP\u53ea\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u4efd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8def\u7531\u7528\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u5c64\u5354\u5b9a
ENUM\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a
\u5c07E.164\u96fb\u8a71\u865f\u78bc\u8f49\u63db\u6210URI,\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u7528DNS\u4f86\u5132\u5b58\u5c0d\u61c9\u8cc7\u8a0a,\u5c0d\u61c9\u662f1\u5c0d\u591a
E.164\u662fPSTN\u88e1\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684ITU\u96fb\u8a71\u865f\u78bc\u6a19\u6e96
TRIP(telephone routing over ip,\u96fb\u8a71\u8def\u7531\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a)
\u89e3\u6c7a\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u627e\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u554f\u984c,\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4f7f\u7528TRIP\u4f86\u50b3\u8def\u7531\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684advertisement(\u901a\u544a)
\u5c07\u96fb\u8a71\u7db2\u8def\u5206\u5272\u70ba\u4e00\u7d44ITAD(ip telephone administrative domains,ip\u96fb\u8a71\u7ba1\u7406\u7db2\u57df)
\u5404TRIP\u7684\u8def\u7531\u901a\u544a\u5167\u5bb9\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u5404\u500bITAD\u5c0d\u5916\u7684\u9023\u7d61\u9ede
\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u80fd\u544a\u77e5\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u95dc\u65bc\u5230\u9054\u4fe1\u4ee4\u9598\u9053\u5668\u7684\u8def\u7531,\u5373\u53ef\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500bITAD\u4e92\u9023<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SIP6\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u8a0a\u606f\u578b\u5225,ascii\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5
invite,\u8b70\u7a0b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u7684\u8868\u982d\u63cf\u8ff0\u8a0a\u606f\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb,\u542b\u547c\u53eb\u8005\u529f\u80fd,\u5a92\u9ad4\u578b\u614b,\u683c\u5f0f
ack,\u78ba\u5b9a\u8b70\u7a0b\u5df1\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a(\u9023\u7d50\u6642\u4e09\u5411\u63e1\u624b\u6cd5\u7528)
bye,\u8981\u6c42\u8b70\u7a0b\u7d42\u6b62\uff1a\u4efb\u4e00\u7aef\u56de\u61c9\u5373\u7d42\u6b62
options,\u67e5\u8a62\u4e3b\u6a5f\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u5e38\u5728\u8b70\u7a0b\u521d\u59cb\u524d\u7528\u4f86\u67e5\u5c0d\u65b9\u662f\u5426\u652f\u63f4voice over ip
register,\u901a\u77e5\u91cd\u5c0e\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6709\u95dc\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u8a0a\u606f\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u8ca0\u8cac\u8a18\u9304\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6240\u5728\u5730\u9ede\u7684sip\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f3a\u670d\u5668
cancel,\u53d6\u6d88\u7b49\u5f85\u4e2d\u7684\u67e5\u8a62<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SIP\u56de\u8986\u4ee3\u78bc\u985e\u578b …………………………………………………………………………………………<\/p>\n\n\n\n H.323 h.323\u904b\u4f5c H.245:\u8b93\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u80fd\u5920\u5354\u5546\u5c07\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u7a2e\u985e,\u4e26\u8ca0\u8cac\u9023\u7d50\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5354\u5546,\u5b9a\u7fa9Call Control(\u547c\u53eb\u63a7\u5236)\u542b\u8acb\u6c42,\u61c9\u7b54,\u4fe1\u4ee4,\u6307\u793a ITU Q.931\u683c\u5f0f:\u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u7d50,\u91cb\u653e\u9023\u7d50,\u63d0\u4f9b\u64a5\u865f\u8072\u97ff.\u9234\u8072,\u6a19\u6e96\u96fb\u8a71\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u4efd Audio Codecs,Voice Compression(\u8a71\u97f3\u58d3\u7e2e)\u6280\u8853 PCM(pulse code modulation,\u8108\u885d\u78bc\u8abf\u8b8a\u6280\u8853) DPCM(\u5dee\u52d5\u5f0f\u8108\u78bc\u8abf\u8b8a) ADPCM(Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation,\u5dee\u503c\u5f0f\u8108\u885d\u7de8\u78bc\u8abf\u8b8a) LD-CELP(Low Delay-celp,\u4f4e\u6642\u5ef6\u78bc\u6fc0\u52f5\u7dda\u6027\u9810\u6e2c\u7de8\u78bc) <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" SIP(session initiation protoco …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-863","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-osi-layer7"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=863"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=863"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=863"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
1xx \u8a0a\u606f\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u8acb\u6c42\u8655\u88e1\u4e2d\u5c1a\u70ba\u5b8c\u6210\u3002(\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aTrying)
2xx \u8acb\u6c42\u8655\u88e1\u6210\u529f\u3002
3xx \u91cd\u65b0\u5c0e\u5411\uff0c\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8a0a\u606f\u91cd\u65b0\u5c0e\u5411\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u500bSIP\u5143\u4ef6\u3002
4xx \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u8acb\u6c42\u7aef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u77ef\u6b63\u5f8c\u91cd\u8a66\u3002
5xx \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7aef\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u8a66\u5176\u4ed6\u7684location\u3002
6xx Global Error(\u932f\u8aa4)\uff0c\u8acb\u6c42\u5931\u6557\u4e14\u7121\u6cd5\u91cd\u8a66\u3002
ps
IETF MMUSIC(Multiparty MUltimedia SessIon Control,\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u8996\u8a0a\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u67b6\u69cb)
\u3000SCCP(Simple Conference Control Protocol)\u5247\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u9023\u7dda\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u5236
\u3000SDP\u548cSAP(Session Announcement Protocol)\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u9023\u7dda\u63cf\u8ff0\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u50b3\u905e\u65b9\u5f0f
\u3000RTSP\u8ca0\u8cac\u63a7\u5236\u96a8\u9078\u985e\u578b\u61c9\u7528\u50b3\u905e\u5373\u6642\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u8207\u7a0b\u5e8f
\u3000SIP\u898f\u7bc4\u4e86\u6703\u8b70\u958b\u555f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u6210\u54e1\u9080\u8acb\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f
………………………..
MEGACO\/H.248
ITU-U\u4ee5ietf\u7684MEGACO\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u767c\u5c55\u51faH.gcp\u5354\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fH.248\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc1999\u5e746\u6708\u8207IETF\u9054\u6210\u5408\u4f75\u5354\u8b70
ietf\u7684MEGACO(Media Gateway Control)\u53caSIGTRAN(Signal Transport)
1999IETF\u4ee5\u73fe\u6709\u7684MGCP\u53caMDCP\u70ba\u7bc4\u672c\u57fa\u790e\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5169\u500bVoIP\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5718\u968a
MEGACO:\u8ca0\u8cacMedia Gateway\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u5b9a
SIGTRAN:\u8ca0\u8cac\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5f9eMGC\u7368\u7acb\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u4fe1\u4ee4\u9598\u9053SG(Signaling Gateway)\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0dPSTN\u96fb\u8a71SS7\u7cfb\u7d71\u4fe1\u4ee4\u8f49\u63db\u53ca\u667a\u6167\u578b\u7684Telephony Signaling\u9032\u884c\u7814\u767c
\u6240\u4ee5\u5728MEGACO\u53caSIGTRAN\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7cfb\u7d71\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u5373MG\u3001SG\u53caMGC
MDCP(Media Device Control Protocol),AT\uff06T\u6240\u63d0\u51fa
MGCP(Media Gateway Control Protocol),IETF\u6240\u63d0\u51fa
1998\u5e74\u5e95SGCP\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u8208\u7684VoIP\u5354\u5b9aIPDC(IP Device Control,\u91dd\u5c0d\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u4ea4\u63db\u6a5f\u53ca\u4ee5IP\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u9598\u9053\u4e4b\u9593\u4f7f\u7528)\u5408\u4f75
\u64f4\u5145\u4e86\u539f\u672cSGCP\u4e2dCall Agent\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u6240\u8b02\u7684MGC(Media Gateway Controller)
MGCP\u67b6\u69cb\u4e2d\uff0cMG\u662f\u6839\u64daMGC\u6240\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4f5c\u5c0d\u61c9\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u500bMGC\u53ef\u540c\u6642\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u500bMG\uff0c\u5728MG\u8207MG\u9593\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u4ee5RTP\/RTCP\u505a\u70ba\u5a92\u9ad4\u50b3\u8f38\u7684\u5354\u5b9a
MGCP\u5373\u662fMGC\u8207MG\u4e4b\u9593\u806f\u7e6b\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u5354\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e14MGCP\u5ba3\u7a31\u5176\u5354\u5b9a\u80fd\u5920\u8207\u539f\u5148\u7684H.323\u5354\u5b9a\u4e92\u901a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5MG\u4e5f\u5177\u5099\u4e86\u8207H.323\u505a\u5354\u5b9a\u8f49\u63db\u7684\u529f\u80fd
\u70ba\u5354\u8abf\u55ae\u500b\u547c\u53eb\u7684\u5a92\u9ad4\u8def\u5f91\u548c\u6027\u80fd\uff0cMGCP\u8981\u4f9d\u8cf4SDP(\u5c0d\u8a71\u63cf\u8ff0\u5354\u8b70)\uff0c\u8a72\u5354\u8b70\u662fMGCP\u898f\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd
\u512a\u9ede\uff1a
\u7279\u5225\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u914d\u7f6e\u5927\u578b\u61c9\u7528\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u7528\u65bc\u89e3\u6c7a\u5927\u578b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u554f\u984c
\u61c9\u7528MGCP\u53ef\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u8207SS7\u7db2\u8def\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u70ba\u547c\u53eb\u8655\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6d41\u901a\u91cf
MGCP\u5c07\u5a92\u9ad4\u8655\u7406\u548c\u4fe1\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\u5206\u96e2\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u53ef\u7531\u591a\u500b\u8a2d\u5099\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u958b\u767c\u66f4\u7c21\u6f54\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002
SGCP(Simple Gateway Control Protocol)
Telcordia\u57281998\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa
\u7531\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e3b\u5c0e\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u3002SGCP\u5f15\u9032\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u578b\u901a\u8a71\u7ba1\u7406\u968e\u5c64\uff0c\u53ef\u5927\u5e45\u6e1b\u8f15\u4f86\u81ea\u7d42\u7aef\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684\u767c\u4fe1\u60c5\u5831\u8ca0\u8f09\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9069\u5408\u50b3\u7d71\u96fb\u8a71\u624b\u6a5f\u4f7f\u7528\uff1bSGCP\u540c\u6642\u627f\u8afe\u964d\u4f4e\u4f34\u96a8\u4f7f\u7528H.323\u4fe1\u865f\u8f49\u63db\u53caTCP\/IP\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5ef6\u9072\u3002
\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u8272\u662f\u5c07\u539f\u672cH.323\u4e2dGatekeeper\u53caGateway\u4e2d\u57f7\u884cCall Routing\u3001Call Billing\u3001\u8a71\u52d9\u5efa\u7acb\u53ca\u4fe1\u4ee4\u4ecb\u9762\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u5225\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u55ae\u5143\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u8a71\u52d9\u4ee3\u7406\u8005(Call Agent)\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u6642\u5019\u7684Gateway\u53ea\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u8ca0\u8cac\u5a92\u9ad4\u50b3\u8f38\u53ca\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc\u3001\u5354\u5b9a\u8f49\u63db\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u88ab\u7a31\u4e4b\u70baMG(Media Gateway)\u3002
Call Agent\u53caGateway\u4e4b\u9593\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u500bClient-Server structure(\u4e3b\u5f9e\u67b6\u69cb)\uff0c\u8a71\u52d9\u5efa\u7acb\u662f\u7531Call Agent\u4f86\u5c0d\u5916\u505aconnect(\u9023\u7d50)\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u518d\u7531Call Agent\u4e0b\u6307\u4ee4\u7d66MG\uff0cMG\u5373\u7522\u751f\u76f8\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u57f7\u884c\u8a9e\u97f3\u7684\u8f49\u63db\u53ca\u50b3\u8f38\u3002\u5728SGCP\u4e2d\uff0cCall Agent\u8207MG\u4e4b\u9593\u5373\u662f\u4ee5SGCP<\/strong>\u505a\u70ba\u50b3\u8f38\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1996ITU(international elcommunications union,\u570b\u969b\u96fb\u4fe1\u806f\u76df)\u767c\u4f48
1998\u4fee\u6539\u5f8c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528(\u8996\u983b\u96fb\u8a71\u53ca\u591a\u5a92\u9ad4\u6703\u8b70\u50b3\u8f38\u5354\u8b70H.32x\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206)
1998\u5e741\u6708\u767c\u4f48H.323v2
1999\u5e749\u6708\u767c\u4f48H.323v3
2000\u5e7411\u670817\u767c\u4f48H.323v4,\u52a0\u5f37scalability,services…\u7b49
\u9598\u9053\u4e00\u908a\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u63a1\u7528H.323,\u53e6\u4e00\u908a\u96fb\u8a71\u7db2\u8def\u63a1PSTN
\u67b6\u69cb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5354\u5b9a\u5806\u758a,\u6e1b\u8f15\u4e92\u76f8\u904b\u4f5c\u8ca0\u64d4,\u5927\u578b\u4e14\u8907\u96dc,\u8a0a\u606f\u683c\u5f0f\u63a1\u4e8c\u5143
\u50b3\u9001\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u8a9e\u610f\u8868\u793a\u6cd5asn.1\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7de8\u78bc\u898f\u5247ber\u6240\u7de8\u78bc\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u8a0a\u606f
\u7f3a\u9ede\uff1a\u96e3\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u672a\u4f86\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u5927\u578b,\u8907\u96dc,\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u6a19\u6e96,\u4e0d\u80fd\u8207\u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u76f8\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1PC\u627e\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff1a\u5ee3\u64ad\u4e00\u500bUDP,\u9598\u9053\u5668\u56de\u61c9\u6642\u4fbf\u77e5\u9053\u5176IP\u4f4d\u5740
2PC\u50b3RAS\u8a31\u53ef\u8a0a\u606f\uff1a\u5411\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8981\u6c42\u983b\u5bec
3PC\u8207\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u9023\u7d50\uff1a\u547c\u53eb\u5efa\u7acb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u96fb\u8a71\u7dda\u8def\u5354\u5b9a(\u56e0\u5c6c\u9023\u7d50\u5f0f\u5c0e\u5411)
4PC\u900f\u904eTCP\u9023\u7d50\u50b3\u9001Q.931 SETUP\u8a0a\u606f(\u88ab\u547c\u53eb\u7684\u96fb\u8a71\u865f\u78bc\u6216IP\u548cPORT)
5\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u56de\u50b3Q.931 CALL PROCEEDING\u8a0a\u606f(\u8868\u6b63\u78ba\u63a5\u6536\u5230)\u5f8c\u4fbf\u8f49\u9001SETUP\u8a0a\u606f\u7d66\u9598\u9053\u5668
6\u9598\u9053\u5668\u547c\u53eb\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f(\u96fb\u8a71\u6240\u5c6c\u7684),\u4e26\u50b3\u56deQ.931 ALERT\u8a0a\u606f(\u544a\u8a22PC\u5df1\u64a5\u865f)
7\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u62ff\u8d77\u96fb\u8a71\u6642\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u9001\u51faQ.931 CONNECT\u8a0a\u606f(\u901a\u77e5PC\u5df1\u5efa\u7acb)
8\u5be6\u9ad4\u5c64\u9023\u7d50\u5efa\u7acb\u5f8c,\u5c01\u5305\u6703\u7e5e\u904e\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5230\u9598\u9053\u5668
9H.245\u958b\u59cb\u5354\u5546\u547c\u53eb\u7684\u53c3\u6578,\u6bcf\u7aef\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u90fd\u5148\u5ba3\u544a\u5176\u80fd\u529b
10\u4e86\u89e3\u96d9\u65b9\u80fd\u529b\u5f8c,\u4fbf\u5efa\u7acb\u5169\u500b\u55ae\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u901a\u9053,\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u53c3\u6578
11\u8cc7\u6599\u6d41\u53ef\u958b\u59cb\u7528RTP(RTCP\u6240\u7ba1)
h.323 \u7d50\u675f
1\u4efb\u4e00\u65b9\u639b\u65b7\u6642,\u4fbf\u5229\u7528Q.931\u547c\u53eb\u4fe1\u865f\u901a\u9053\u62c6\u65b7\u9023\u7d50
2\u547c\u53eb\u7aef\u4ee5RAS\u8a0a\u606f\u806f\u7e6b\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668,\u4ee5\u91cb\u653e\u983b\u5bec\u6216\u9032\u884c\u53e6\u4e00\u901a\u547c\u53eb
H.323\u6a19\u6e96\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\u5206\u5c64
\u4fe1\u4ee4
\u5c64\u7d1a5\uff1aH.225.0-Q.931,H.250-annex G,H.245,H.250
\u5c64\u7d1a4:TCP,UDP
\u8a3b\u518a:
\u5c64\u7d1a5:H.225.9-RAS
\u5c64\u7d1a4:UDP
\u8a9e\u97f3audio\uff1a
\u5c64\u7d1a5:G.711,G.722,G.723,G.723.1,G.728,G.729
\u3000ps:g\u7cfb\u5217\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u88dc\u5145
\u5c64\u7d1a5:RTP,RTCP
\u5c64\u7d1a4:UDP
\u5f71\u50cfvideo\uff1a
\u5c64\u7d1a5:H.261,H.263*,H.264
\u5c64\u7d1a5:RTP,RTCP
\u5c64\u7d1a4:UDP
\u8cc7\u6599:
\u5c64\u7d1a5:T.120
\u5c64\u7d1a4:TCP
\u5b89\u5168:
\u5c64\u7d1a5:H.235
\u5c64\u7d1a4:TCP,UDP
\u5168\u90e8\u5c64\u7d1a3\uff1aIP,RSVP,IGMP
\u5176\u4ed6
\u96fb\u8def\u4ea4\u63db\u696d\u52d9\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684H.246
\u7528\u65bc\u5927\u578b\u6703\u8b70\u7684H.332
\u7528\u65bc\u88dc\u5145\u696d\u52d9\u7684H.450.1\u3001H.450.2\u548cH.450.3
\u7528\u65bcISDN\u7684H.320\uff0c\u7528\u65bcB-ISDN\u7684H.321\u548c\u7528\u65bcGSTN\u7d42\u7aef\u7684H.324<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8ca0\u8cac\u901a\u4fe1\u80fd\u529b\u5354\u5546\uff0c\u6253\u958b\/\u95dc\u9589\u908f\u8f2f\u4fe1\u9053\uff0c\u53ca\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u3002\u591a\u9ede\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u61c9\u9075\u5faaH.245\u63a7\u5236\u5354\u8b70\u5c0d\u6703\u8b70\u9032\u884c\u7ba1\u7406
H.225:\u548c\u63a7\u5236lan\u7d42\u7aef\u9ede\u7684gatekept(\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668),\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u5354\u5b9a,\u5b9a\u7fa9Call Signal(\u547c\u53eb\u8a0a\u865f)
H.225.0\u542b\u4e09\u500b\u90e8\u5206(RAS\u3001Q.931 and RTP\/RTCP)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7576\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u56de\u61c9\u5141\u5165\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u7aef\u9ede\u624d\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u518d\u900f\u904eQ.931\u6240\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684Call Setup\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u8acb\u6c42\u8207\u5c0d\u65b9\u7aef\u9ede\u5efaCall Signalling Channel
RAS(registration\/admission\/status,\u8a3b\u518a\/\u8a31\u53ef\/\u72c0\u614b):\u7ba1\u7406pc\u548c\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u901a\u9053,\u5141\u8a31pc\u52a0\u5165\u53ca\u96e2\u958b,\u8981\u6c42,\u9084\u56de\u983b\u5bec
\u5c0b\u627e\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4fe1\u865f:GRQ(Gatekeeper Request),GRJ(Gatekeeper Reject),GCF(Gatekeeper Confirm)
\u7aef\u9ede\u5411\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u767b\u8a18\u4fe1\u865f:RRQ(Registration Request),RCF(Registration Confirm),RRJ(Registration Reject)
\u6d88\u53d6\u767b\u8a18\u4fe1\u865f:URQ(Unregistration Request),UCF(Unregistration Confirm),URJ(Unregistration Reject)
\u7aef\u9ede\u5411\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u547c\u53eb\u7684\u4fe1\u865f:ARQ(Admission Request),ACF(Admission Confirm),ARJ(Admission Reject)
\u5411\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8981\u5730\u5740\u7ffb\u8b6f\u529f\u80fd:LRQ(Location Request),LCF(Location Confirm),LRJ(Location Reject)
\u7aef\u9ede\u6216\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u9000\u51fa:DRQ(Disengage Request),DCF(Disengage Confirm),DRJ(Disengage Reject)
\u5411\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6539\u8b8a\u983b\u5bec:BRQ(Bandwidth Request),BCF(Bandwidth Confirm),BRJ(Bandwidth Reject)
\u9598\u9053\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u67e5\u72c0\u614b:IRQ(Info Request),IRR(Info Request Response),IACK(Info Request Ack),INAK(Info Request Nak)
\u5411\u9598\u9053\u5668\u5831\u544a\u8cc7\u6e90\u72c0\u6cc1:RAI(Resource Availa-ble Indication),RAC(Resource Available Confirm)
RTP\uff1a\u7528\u4f86\u8f09\u9001\u5373\u6642\u7684\u5a92\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6599\u4e26\u52a0\u4ee5\u7b97\u51fa\u5176\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u50b3\u9001\u6642\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u4e0a\u5c64\u8abf\u7bc0\u5a92\u9ad4\u6d41\u91cf\u4e4b\u7528,\u7528RTCP\u7ba1\u7406
T.120:\u9032\u884cdata conference(\u6578\u64da\u50b3\u8f38)\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u5a92\u9ad4\u901a\u8a0a\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ede\u5c0d\u9ede\u6216\u9ede\u5c0d\u591a\u9ede\u8996\u8a0a\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u767d\u677f\uff0c\u6a94\u6848\u4ea4\u63db\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5b58\u53d6\u7b49\u670d\u52d9\u3002
T.38:\u50b3\u771f\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n
VOIP \u6280\u8853\u7684\u57fa\u790e
G.711:\u901f\u738764Kbps,\u7528PCM,3.4KHz\u7684\u8a9e\u97f3\u58d3\u7e2e\u7528\u4f86\u70ba\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u78bc\u53ca\u89e3\u78bc\u7684\u5354\u5b9a
G.721:\u901f\u738732Kbps,\u7528ADPCM
G.722:\u901f\u738748\u300156\u300164 Kbps\uff0c\u7528SB-ADPCM,7KHz\u7684\u8a9e\u97f3\u58d3\u7e2e
G.723:\u901f\u738740Kbps,32Kbps,24Kbps,16Kbps ADPCM,
G.723.1:\u901f\u73876.3Kbps,5.3Kbps,\u96d9\u4f4d\u5143\u7387,(\u7248\u672c1\u7528ACELP,MPCELP,\u7248\u672c2\u7528CELP)\u542b30ms\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u603b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f437.5 ms
G.724:ADPCM
G.726\uff1a\u901f\u738740Kbps,32Kbps,24Kbps,16Kbps,\u7528ADPCM,\u542b0.125 ms\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u603b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f40.125 ms
G.727:\u901f\u738740Kbps,32Kbps,24Kbps,16Kbps,\u7528embedded-ADPCM
G.728:\u901f\u738716Kbps,\u7528LD-CELP\uff0c\u542b0.625 ms\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u603b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f40.625ms,3.4KHz\u7684\u8a9e\u97f3\u58d3\u7e2e,\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u96fb\u8a71(POTS)\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u8a9e\u97f3\u54c1\u8cea
G.729:\u901f\u73878kbps,\u7528CS-ACELP,\u542b10 ms\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u603b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u662f15 ms,1995.11,ITU\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u65b0\u8a71\u97f3\u58d3\u7e2e\u6a19\u6e96,\u54c1\u8cea\u820732KbpsADPCM\u76f8\u540c\u3002
G.729A:\u901f\u73878kbps,\u7528CS-ACELP,\u542b10ms\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u603b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f415ms\u8f03\u4e0d\u8907\u96dc
\u5176\u4ed6\uff1aG7XX..\u7b49,\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5,\u5728\u54c1\u8cea\u548c\u54c1\u5bec\u9593\u63a1\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u6c7a\u64c7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
64kbps\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc,\u4ee3\u8868\uff1aG.711 (\u4fe1\u865f\u6bcf\u79d2\u9418\u53d6\u6a238000\u6b21(8k\/sec)\uff1b\u6bcf\u6b21\u53d6\u6a23\u70ba8bit\uff0c\u7e3d\u517164 kbps
\u6a21\u64ec\u4fe1\u865f\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u62bd\u6a23\uff0c\u4e26\u628a\u62bd\u6a23\u503c\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u7de8\u78bc\u8f49\u63db\u6210\u6578\u5b57\u4fe1\u865f\u7684\u8abf\u8b8a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002
TDMA(\u591a\u6642\u5206\u5de5\u5b58\u53d6)\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8108\u78bc\u8abf\u8b8a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5169\u5c0d\u5c0e\u7dda\u540c\u6642\u50b3\u9001\u591a\u8def\u96fb\u8a71\u3002
\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u516c\u773e\u4ea4\u63db\u96fb\u8def\uff0c\u96fb\u8a71\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u901a\u8a71\u8a9e\u97f3\u50b3\u9001\u4fe1\u865f\u78bc
\u6b65\u9a5f\u6709(1)\u53d6\u6a23(2)\u91cf\u5b50\u5316(3)\u7de8\u78bc
\u7f3a\u9ede\u662f\u6240\u4f54\u7528\u7684\u983b\u5bec\u592a\u5927<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pcm\u6539\u826f,\u9810\u6e2c\u6027\u7de8\u78bc
DM\u4ee3\u723e\u4ed6\u8abf\u8b8a,pcm\u6539\u826f,\u9810\u6e2c\u6027\u7de8\u78bc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8640Kbps, 32Kbps,24Kbps, 16Kbps\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc,\u4ee3\u8868\uff1aG.721,G.723,G.726
\u7de8\u78bc\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ea\u63a1\u53d6\u76f8\u9130\u5169\u6a23\u672c\u4e4b\u9593\u5dee\u5225\u4f5c\u7d00\u9304, ADPCM \u6240\u9700\u7684BIT RATE(\u4f4d\u5143\u6bd4)\u8f03\u6a19\u6e96PCM\u70ba\u4f4e,\u5c31\u662f\u8aaaADPCM\u5132\u5b58\u540c\u4e00\u8072\u97f3\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0f,\u55ae\u4e00CD-ROM\u5132\u5b58\u8cc7\u6599\u4f7f\u7528 ADPCM \u683c\u5f0f\u53ef\u5f9e1\u5c0f\u6642\u5bb9\u91cf\u63d0\u5347\u81f316\u5c0f\u6642,CD-ROM XA \u8207 CD-I \u5747\u4f7f\u7528 ADPCM \u7de8\u78bc.ADPCM \u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u8abf\u6574\u7d00\u9304\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u77ac\u9593\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u8b8a\u5316, \u4f7f\u63a1\u53d6\u6a23\u672c\u6642\u7684\u5931\u771f\u8f03\u5c0f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
16kbit\/s,G.728\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u78bc\u6a19\u6e96\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5,\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u5ef6\u9072\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u50b3\u7d71\u7684CELP\u7de8\u78bc\u5ef6\u9072\u5927\u7d04\u662f.60ms\uff0cLD-CELP\u5247\u662f\u7d042\u301c4ms \u4e0d\u7b49
\u5728CELP\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u5f8c\u5411\u81ea\u9069\u61c9\u7dda\u6027\u9810\u6e2c\u300150\u968e\u5408\u6210\u6ffe\u6ce2\u3001\u77ed\u6fc0\u52f5\u5411\u91cf(5\u500b\u6a23\u503c)\u7b49\u6539\u9032\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9054\u5230\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u548c\u4f4e\u6642\u5ef6\u7684\u76ee\u7684
backward-CELP(\u5f8c\u5411\u81ea\u9069\u61c9\u7dda\u6027\u9810\u6e2c)
\u4ee3\u8868G.727,G.728\u9019\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u91cd\u8996\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc\u7684\u5ef6\u9072\u6642\u9593
CELP(Code Excited Linear Prediction,\u78bc\u6fc0\u52f5\u7dda\u6027\u9810\u6e2c\u7de8\u78bc)
\u8fd110\u5e74\u4f86\u6700\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u78bc\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002CELP\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u78bc\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7528\u7dda\u6027\u9810\u6e2c\u63d0\u53d6\u8072\u9053\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u5305\u542b\u8a31\u591a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6fc0\u52f5\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u78bc\u672c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6fc0\u52f5\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u7de8\u78bc\u6642\u90fd\u5728\u9019\u500b\u78bc\u672c\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u6fc0\u52f5\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6fc0\u52f5\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u78bc\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5e8f\u865f\u3002
\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u8a31\u591a\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u78bc\u6a19\u6e96\u6240\u63a1\u7528\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u806f\u90a6\u6a19\u6e96FS1016\u5c31\u662f\u63a1\u7528CELP\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u7684\u7a84\u5e36\u8a9e\u97f3\u4fdd\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002
8Kbps\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc,\u4ee5LPC(Linear Prediction Coding)\u70ba\u9aa8\u5e79\u52a0\u4e0aVQ(Vector quantization)\u6280\u8853\u6df7\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u8853,\u5317\u7f8e\u7684CTIA (CellularTechnology Industry Association)\u5373\u63d0\u8b70\u5c07\u4e4b\u8a02\u70ba\u6578\u4f4d\u5f0f\u884c\u52d5\u96fb\u8a71\u4e4b\u6a19\u6e96
ACELP(Algebraic Code Excited Linear. Prediction,\u7b97\u8853\u904b\u7b97\u78bc\u6fc0\u767c\u7dda\u6027\u9810\u6e2c)
6.3Kbps,5.3Kbps\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc,\u4ee3\u8868G.723.1
\u5c07\u6578\u78bc\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u8a71\u97f3\u8a0a\u865f\u52a0\u4ee5\u6578\u78bc\u5316\u53ca\u58d3\u7e2e\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5
CS-ACELP(Conjugate Structure-Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction,\u5c0d\u751f\u7d50\u69cb\u4ee3\u6578\u78bc\u6fc0\u7dda\u6027\u9810\u6e2c)
4.8 Kbps\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc,\u4ee3\u8868G.729,\u61c9\u7528CELP\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u662f\u8981\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u8ecd\u65b9\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\u96fb\u8a71\uff0c\u4f46\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e0d\u50c5\u7528\u65bc\u8ecd\u4e2d
\u6a19\u6e96PCM\u6216\u7dda\u6027PCM\u7684\u8a71\u97f3\u63a1\u6a23\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7b97\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u512a\u826f\u7684\u97f3\u8cea\uff0c\u4e14\u5ef6\u6642\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u904b\u7b97\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002
NSA \u7684 Federal Standard 1016
MELP\u3001STC
LPC vocoder \u6280\u8853
2.4 Kbps\u8a9e\u97f3\u7de8\u89e3\u78bc\u5668,\u8a9e\u97f3\u54c1\u8cea\u591a\u534a\u53ea\u5f37\u8abf\u8a9e\u610f\u4e4b\u50b3\u9054\uff0c\u5728\u97f3\u8272\u65b9\u9762\u8f03\u7121\u6cd5\u9867\u53ca\uff0c\u901a\u8a71\u96d9\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u7121\u6cd5\u8fa8\u8a8d\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u8072\u97f3\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n