{"id":894,"date":"2008-10-07T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-10-07T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/note.systw.net\/note\/?p=894"},"modified":"2023-11-07T22:12:56","modified_gmt":"2023-11-07T14:12:56","slug":"debugshowtroubleshooting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/archives\/894","title":{"rendered":"Debug,Show,Troubleshooting"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

debug\u6307\u4ee4
\u986f\u793a\u52d5\u614b\u8cc7\u6599\u8207\u4e8b\u4ef6,\u63d0\u4f9b\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a,\u53ef\u5354\u52a9\u5340\u9694\u5354\u5b9a\u53ca\u8a2d\u5b9a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u554f\u984c
\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528telnet,\u9700\u57f7\u884cterminal monitor\u6307\u4ee4,\u624d\u53ef\u770b\u5230debug\u7684\u8f38\u51fa
ps:\u9700\u5728privileged mode\u4e0b\u624d\u53ef\u57f7\u884cdebug\u6307\u4ee4ps
#debug ?
dialer\u3000\u3000 Dial on Demand
isdn 
ppp\u3000\u3000 PPP (Point to Point Protocol) information
ip\u3000\u3000 IP information
all\u3000\u3000 Enable all debugging <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793aacl\u6307\u793a\u7684\u5c01\u5305
#debug ip packet < acl><\/strong>
ex:\u986f\u793a10.10.10.10\u5230172.16.1.1\u7684\u5c01\u5305
(config)#access-list 101 permit tcp host 10.10.10.10 host 172.16.1.1 
#debug ip packet 101  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

#debug serial interface<\/strong>
\u78ba\u8a8d\u662f\u5426hdlc keepalive\u5c01\u5305\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u52a0,\u82e5\u7121\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ecb\u9762\u5361\u4e0a\u6216\u7db2\u8def\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6709\u554f\u984c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#debug arp<\/strong>
\u986f\u793a\u662f\u5426\u8a72router\u6b63\u5728\u767c\u9001\u6216\u5b78\u7fd2\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u908awan\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8cc7\u8a0a
\u7576\u5728TCP\/IP\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7bc0\u9ede\u6709\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u537b\u6c92\u56de\u61c9\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u95dc\u9589\u5075\u932f\u6a21\u5f0f
#undebug all<\/strong>
\u6216
#no debug all<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

……………………………………………………………………<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c07\u4ecb\u9762\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6b780
#clear counters <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793a\u4ecb\u9762\u72c0\u614b
>show interfaces [interface]<\/strong>
\u6aa2\u67e5\u4ecb\u9762\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ca\u72c0\u614b
ps:
\u4ee5serial0\u4ecb\u9762\u70ba\u4f8b,\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
serial 0 is up, line protocol is up \/\/\u8868\u793a\u4ecb\u9762layer1,2\u6b63\u5e38
Hardware is HD64570 \/\/\u5047\u5982\u662fethernet\u4ecb\u9762\u9084\u6703\u591amac address
Internet address is 192.168.1.1\/24 \/\/\u76ee\u524dip\/mask
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 255\/255, load 1\/255\u3000\/\/\u6700\u5927\u5c01\u5305size\u70ba1500bytes
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) \/\/hdlc\u5c01\u88dd,keepalive10\u79d2,\u53e6\u4e00\u908a\u4ecb\u9762\u9700\u4e00\u6a23\u624d\u53ef\u9023\u901a
Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00, output hang never
Last clearing of “show interface” counters never
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue 0\/40, 0 drops; input queue 0\/75, 0 drops \/\/\u53ef\u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u63a5\u6536\u6216\u9001\u51fa\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u662f\u5426\u56e0\u904e\u5feb\u800c\u4e1f\u68c4 
5 minute input rate 1000 bits\/sec, 2 packets\/sec
5 minute output rate 1000 bits\/sec, 2 packets\/sec
\u30000 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
\u3000Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
\u30000 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort \/\/0\u8868\u793a\u8a0a\u865f\u6b63\u5e38,\u975e0\u53ef\u80fd\u70baCRC,duplex,\u6216\u7dda\u8def\u554f\u984c   
\u30000 input packets with dribble condition detected
\u30000 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
\u30000 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets \/\/\u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8f38\u51fa\u932f\u8aa4,\u82e5\u975e0\u53ef\u80fd\u70baduplx\u554f\u984c  
 \u30000 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
\u30000 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
\u30000 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
ps:
\u4ee5ether\u4ecb\u9762\u70ba\u4f8b\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\u3000
GigabitEthernet8\/13 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is C6k 1000Mb 802.3, address is 0018.ba3f.7c7c (bia 0018.ba3f.7c7c)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1000000 Kbit, DLY 10 usec,
reliability 255\/255, txload 1\/255, rxload 1\/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Full-duplex, 1000Mb\/s
input flow-control is off, output flow-control is off
Clock mode is auto
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last input never, output 00:00:55, output hang never
Last clearing of “show interface” counters never
Input queue: 0\/2000\/0\/0 (size\/max\/drops\/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0\/40 (size\/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits\/sec, 0 packets\/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits\/sec, 0 packets\/sec
800 packets input, 260270 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 76 broadcasts (58 multicasts)
\u30000 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
\u30000 input errors, 0 CRC, 3 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
\u30000 watchdog, 0 multicast, 0 pause input
\u30000 input packets with dribble condition detected
\u300068895 packets output, 6044289 bytes, 0 underruns
\u30000 output errors, 0 collisions, 3 interface resets
\u30000 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
\u30000 lost carrier, 0 no carrier, 0 PAUSE output
\u30000 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 
ps:
runts(packets that were truncated before they were fully received)
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

interface 0 is up\u7684\u610f\u601d
\u3000\u786c\u9ad4\u72c0\u614b,\u5305\u62ec\u7e9c\u7dda,\u9023\u63a5\u5668,…\u7b49,layer1\u76f8\u95dc\u6b63\u5e38
\u3000\u4e5f\u53ef\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6b64\u4ecb\u9762\u662f\u5426\u6536\u5230\u4f86\u81ea\u53e6\u4e00\u7aefDCE\u7684carrier detect(\u6234\u6ce2\u5075\u6e2c)\u8a0a\u865f
interface is down\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0
\u3000\u4ecb\u9762\u6216\u7e9c\u7dda\u7b49layer1\u5be6\u9ad4\u5c64\u554f\u984c
interface is administratively down\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0
\u30001\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73feback-to-back connection(\u80cc\u5c0d\u80cc\u9023\u63a5)\u554f\u984c
\u3000\u3000\u5373\u67d0\u4e00\u7aef\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u95dc\u9589,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u624b\u52d5\u95dc\u9589,\u56e0\u6b64\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u5c31\u6c92\u4f5c\u7528
\u3000\u3000\u82e5\u57f7\u884cshutdown\u547d\u4ee4\u6703\u51fa\u73fe,\u53ef\u7528no shutdown\u958b\u555f\u4ecb\u9762
\u30002\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5c1a\u672a\u63a5\u7dda,\u4f46\u6a5f\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

protocol is up\u7684\u610f\u601d
\u3000layer2\u904b\u4f5c\u6b63\u5e38
\u3000\u63a7\u5236\u9023\u7dda\u7684cisco ios\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ecb\u9762\u53ef\u7528,\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6536\u5230keepalives(\u5b58\u6d3b)\u8a0a\u606f\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684
protocol is down\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0
\u3000\u5be6\u9ad4\u4ecb\u9762\u7121\u904b\u4f5c,ex:serial 0 is down
\u3000\u5be6\u9ad4\u4ecb\u9762\u7ba1\u7406\u6027\u95dc\u9589,ex:serial 0 is administratively down
\u3000\u9032\u5165errdisable\u72c0\u614b,\u4f7f\u7528\u4ecb\u9762\u88ab\u95dc\u9589\u3000
\u3000\u6c92\u6709keepalives(\u5b58\u6d3b\u8a0a\u865f),\u82e5\u4ecb\u9762\u6c92\u6709\u9023\u7e8c\u6536\u52303\u500bkeepalives,\u5247protocol down
\u3000\u6c92\u6709clock rate(\u6642\u8108),ex:dce\u672a\u8a2d\u5b9aclock rate
\u3000encapsulation(\u5c01\u88dd)\u578b\u614b\u4e0d\u7b26,ex:\u4e00\u7aef\u7528hdlc,\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7528ppp
\u3000authentication(\u9a57\u8b49)\u5931\u6557,ex:ppp\u8a8d\u8b49\u5931\u6557<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793a\u4ecb\u9762\u9032\u51faframe\u7684\u7d71\u8a08
# show interfaces < interface> counters<\/strong>
\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Port InOctets InUcastPkts InMcastPkts InBcastPkts
Gi0\/9 31265148 20003 3179 1
Port OutOctets OutUcastPkts OutMcastPkts OutBcastPkts
Gi0\/9 18744149 9126 96 6  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793a\u4ecb\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u932f\u8aa4
# show interfaces < interface> counters errors<\/strong>
\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Port Align-Err FCS-Err Xmit-Err Rcv-Err UnderSize
Gi0\/9 0 0 0 0 0
Port Single-Col Multi-Col Late-Col Excess-Col Carri-Sen Runts Giants
Gi0\/9 5603 0 5373 0 0 0 0
\u5404counter\u8aaa\u660e
\u3000Align-Err:CRC\u767c\u73fe\u932f\u8aa4,\u901a\u5e38\u662flayer1\u6709\u554f\u984c\u3000
\u3000Fcs-Err:\u7121\u6548\u7684checksum,\u901a\u5e38\u662flayer1\u554f\u984c 
\u3000Xmit-Err: \u7de9\u885d\u5340\u767c\u751foverflow,\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9032\u5165\u548c\u96e2\u958b\u4ecb\u9762\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u554f\u984c
\u3000Rcv-Err:\u63a5\u6536\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u767c\u751foverflow,\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5168\u96d9\u5de5\u7aef\u7684duplex mismatch\u554f\u984c
\u3000UnderSize:frame\u904e\u5c0f
\u3000Single-Col:\u8f49\u9001frame\u524d\u767c\u751f\u55ae\u4e00\u78b0\u649e,\u901a\u5e38\u662fduplex mismatch\u6216\u983b\u5bec\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u554f\u984c
\u3000Multi-Col:\u8f49\u9001frame\u524d\u767c\u751f\u591a\u500b\u78b0\u649e,\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0\u548csingle-Col\u76f8\u540c
\u3000Late-Col:\u8f49\u9001frame\u5f8c\u767c\u751f\u5ef6\u9072\u78b0\u649e,\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7dda\u8def\u592a\u9577\u6216\u534a\u96d9\u5de5\u7aef\u7684duplex mismatch\u554f\u984c
\u3000Excess-Col:\u7d93\u6b7716\u6b21\u9023\u7e8c\u78b0\u649e,\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0\u548csingle-col\u76f8\u540c,\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u540c\u5340\u6bb5\u8a2d\u5099\u592a\u591a
\u3000Carri-Sen:\u8f09\u6ce2\u611f\u61c9\u7a0b\u5e8f,\u5728\u534a\u96d9\u5de5\u4e0a\u50b3\u8cc7\u6599\u6642\u8a72counters\u6703\u589e\u52a0
\u3000Runts:CRC\u58de\u6389\u7684\u5c0f\u578bFRAME(64)
\u3000Giants:CRC\u58de\u6389\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5c01\u5305(>1518)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793a\u4ecb\u9762\u72c0\u614b
#show interfaces status<\/strong>
Port Name Status Vlan Duplex Speed Type
Gi0\/1 connected trunk full 1000 1000BaseSX
Gi0\/2 connected 252 full 1000 1000BaseSX
Gi0\/3 disabled 1 full 1000 1000BaseSX
Gi0\/4 disabled 1 full 1000 No Transceiver
Gi0\/5 disabled 1 full 1000 No Transceiver
Gi0\/6 connected 10 a-half a-10 10\/100\/1000BaseT
Gi0\/7 connected trunk a-full a-100 10\/100\/1000BaseT
Gi0\/8 connected trunk a-full a-100 10\/100\/1000BaseT
Gi0\/9 connected 10 a-full a-1000 10\/100\/1000BaseT
Gi0\/10 notconnect 1 full auto 10\/100\/1000BaseT
[omit]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ps:
#show interfaces status ?
\u3000err-disabled Show interface error disabled state
\u3000inactive Show interface inactive state
\u3000module Limit display to interfaces on module<\/p>\n\n\n\n

……<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793a\u4ecb\u9762\u7684ip\u7684\u72c0\u614b
>show ip interface [brief]<\/strong>
ps:
\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down \/\/serial1\u4ecb\u9762\u70bashutdown\u72c0\u614b
\u3000Internet protocol processing disabled
Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up \/\/eth0\u4ecb\u9762layer1,2\u6b63\u5e38
\u3000Internet address is 192.168.2.1\/24 \/\/ip\u4f4d\u7f6e\u70ba192.168.2.1\/24
\u3000Broadcast address is 255.255.255.0
\u3000MTU 1500 bytes,
\u3000Helper address is not set
\u3000Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
\u3000Outgoing access list is not set \/\/\u754c\u9762\u76ee\u524d\u7121\u5b58\u53d6\u6e05\u55ae\u7b49\u8cc7\u8a0a
\u3000Inbound access list is not set
\u3000Proxy ARP Is Enabled
\u3000Security Level Is Default
\u3000Split horizon Is Enabled
…\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7701
ps:
[brief]\u5217\u51fa\u7cbe\u7c21\u8cc7\u8a0a,\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Serial0 192.168.1.1 YES unset down down
Serial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Ethernet0 192.168.2.1 YES unset up up
Bri0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Bri0:1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Bri0:2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793a\u5be6\u9ad4\u754c\u9762\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a
>show controllers [int]<\/strong>
\u7e9c\u7dda\u7a2e\u985e,\u5be6\u969b\u4ecb\u9762\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a,\u63a7\u5236\u5361\u6676\u7247\u72c0\u614b,…\u7b49\u8a73\u7d30\u8cc7\u8a0a
ps:
\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
interface serial0
HD unit 0, idb = 0x1AE828, driver structure at 0x1B4BA0
buffer size 1524 HD unit 0,V.35 DTE cable \/\/dte\u4ecb\u9762,\u4f7f\u7528v.35\u4ecb\u9762
cpb = 0x7, eda = 0x58DC, cda = 0x58F0
RX ring with 16 entries at 0x4075800
…\u7701\u7565
interface FastEthernet0\/0
Hardware is PQUICC MPC860T ADDR: 815A3338, FASTSEND: 80011698
DIST ROUTE ENABLED: 0
Route Cache Flag: 1
…\u7701\u7565<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6aa2\u8996\u5354\u5b9a\u72c0\u614b
#show protocol<\/strong>
\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Global values:
\u3000Internet Protocol routing is enabled
Serial0 is down, line protocol is down \/\/serial0\u4ecb\u9762layer1,2\u555f\u52d5\u5f8c\u7121\u4f5c\u7528
\u3000Internet address is 192.168.1.1\/24 \/\/ip\u4f4d\u7f6e\u70ba192.168.1.1\/24
Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down \/\/serial1\u4ecb\u9762\u70bashutdown\u72c0\u614b
Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up \/\/eth0\u4ecb\u9762layer1,2\u6b63\u5e38
\u3000Internet address is 192.168.2.1\/24 \/\/ip\u4f4d\u7f6e\u70ba192.168.2.1\/24
Bri0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Bri0:1 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Bri0:2 is administratively down, line protocol is down<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793a\u5404process\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387 
#show processes cpu<\/strong>
CPU utilization for five seconds: 5%\/3%; one minute: 1%; five minutes: 1%
PID Runtime(ms) Invoked uSecs 5Sec 1Min 5Min TTY Process
1 4 11 363 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 Chunk Manager
2 4 13904 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 Load Meter
4 0 580 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 DHCPD Timer
5 0 1 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 PF Redun ICC Req
6 138700 11705 11849 0.00% 0.16% 0.17% 0 Check heaps
7 0 1 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 Pool Manager
8 0 2 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 Timers
9 49448 410365 120 0.07% 0.03% 0.05% 0 ARP Input
10 0 1 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 AAA_SERVER_DEADT
11 0 2 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 AAA high-capacit
12 72 90 800 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 Entity MIB API
13 0 1 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 IFS Agent Manage
14 0 1160 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 IPC Dynamic Cach
15 8 50 160 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 PF_Split Sync Pr
16 4 69517 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 IPC Periodic Tim
[omit…] 
ps:\u6b64\u8a0a\u606f\u8aaa\u660ecpu\u8ca0\u8f09\u70ba5%,\u5176\u4e2d3%\u70ba\u4e2d\u65b7\u8655\u7406,\u4e2d\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u984d2%\u70bacontrol panel\u8ca0\u8f09
ps:\u4e2d\u65b7\u8655\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6703\u8d85\u904e5%\u3000
ps:cpu\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u904e\u9ad8,\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528debug\u547d\u4ee4\u6216snmp,\u6216stp\u6545\u969c\u9020\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u986f\u793acpu\u548cI\/O,MEMORY\u7684\u6458\u8981 
#show memory<\/strong>
Head Total(b) Used(b) Free(b) Lowest(b) Largest(b)
Processor 44AE5D50 391193264 70233000 320960264 319948768 247065784
I\/O 8000000 67108864 10418792 56690072 56614112 56614072 
[omit…]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ps
#show ?
ip\u3000\u3000 IP information
arp\u3000\u3000 ARP table
interfaces\u3000\u3000 Interface status and configuration
controllers\u3000\u3000 Interface controller status
protocols\u3000\u3000 Active network routing protocols
…\u7701\u7565<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ps
#show ip ?
ospf\u3000\u3000 OSPF information
dhcp\u3000\u3000 Show items in the DHCP database
eigrp\u3000\u3000 IP-EIGRP show commands
route\u3000\u3000 IP routing table
arp\u3000\u3000 IP ARP Table
protocols\u3000\u3000 IP routing protocol process parameters
interface\u3000\u3000 IP interface status and configuration
nat\u3000\u3000 IP NAT information
bgp\u3000\u3000 BGP information<\/p>\n\n\n\n

…………. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

errdisable detect<\/strong>
switch\u81ea\u52d5\u6aa2\u6e2c\u529f\u80fd
switch\u6703\u5075\u6e2c\u6bcf\u500bport,\u82e5\u6709\u7570\u5e38\u5247\u5c07port\u8a2d\u70baerrdisable\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e26\u95dc\u9589\u4ecb\u9762
\u82e5\u767c\u73feerrdisable\u7684\u4ecb\u9762,1\u78ba\u8a8d\u554f\u984c\u9ede,2\u900f\u904e\u6307\u4ee4\u89e3\u9664errdisable\u6a21\u5f0f  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a2d\u5b9a\u90a3\u4e9berrdisable detect\u529f\u80fd\u8981\u88ab\u555f\u7528
(config)# [no] errdisable detect cause < all | cause-name ><\/strong>
\u9810\u8a2d\u70ba\u5168\u90e8\u555f\u7528
cause-name\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53ef\u9078, 
all<\/strong>:Detects every possible cause
arp-inspection<\/strong>:Detects errors with dynamic ARP inspection
bpduguard<\/strong>:Detects when a spanning-tree BPDU is received on a port configured for STP PortFast
channel-misconfig<\/strong>:Detects an error with an EtherChannel bundle
dhcp-rate-limit<\/strong>:Detects an error with DHCP snooping
dtp-flap<\/strong>:Detects when trunking encapsulation is changing from one type to another
gbic-invalid<\/strong>:Detects the presence of an invalid GBIC or SFP module
ilpower<\/strong>:Detects an error with offering inline power
l2ptguard<\/strong>:Detects an error with Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling
link-flap<\/strong>:Detects when the port link state is “flapping” between the up and down states
loopback<\/strong>:Detects when an interface has been looped back
pagp-flap<\/strong>:Detects when an EtherChannel bundle’s ports no longer have consistent configurations
psecure-violation<\/strong>:Detects conditions that trigger port security configured on a port
rootguard<\/strong>:Detects when an STP BPDU is received from the root bridge on an unexpected port
security-violation<\/strong>:Detects errors related to port security
storm-control<\/strong>:Detects when a storm control threshold has been exceeded on a port
udld<\/strong>:Detects when a link is seen to be unidirectional (data passing in only one direction)
unicast-flood<\/strong>:Detects conditions that trigger unicast flood blocking on a port
vmps<\/strong>:Detects errors when assigning a port to a dynamic VLAN through VMPS<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728errdisable\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u6703\u5c07\u4ecb\u9762disable,\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u89e3\u9664<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u8a2d\u5b9a\u81ea\u52d5\u89e3\u9664errdisable\u6a21\u5f0f
(config)# errdisable recovery cause [cause-name] <\/strong>
\u9810\u8a2d300\u79d2\u5f8c\u81ea\u52d5\u89e3\u9664
ps:
\u8a2d\u5b9a\u81ea\u52d5\u89e3\u9664errdisable\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8a08\u6642\u5668
(config)# errdisable recovery interval <\/strong>
30-86400seconds(24hours)
ex:
\u6307\u5b9a\u767c\u73fepsecurity-violation\u5f8c,\u65bc1\u5c0f\u6642\u81ea\u52d5\u89e3\u9664errdisable\u6a21\u5f0f
(config)# errdisable recovery cause psecurity-violation
(config)# errdisable recovery interval 3600<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u624b\u52d5\u95dc\u9589\u4ecb\u9762\u5728\u555f\u7528\u4ecb\u9762
(config-if)#shutdown
(config-if)#no shutdown<\/p>\n\n\n\n

……………………………………………………………………<\/p>\n\n\n\n

>traceroute < ip><\/strong>
\u53ef\u7528\u4f86\u627e\u51fa\u50b3\u9001\u5c01\u5305\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u6642\u6240\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u8def\u5f91,\u53cartt(roundtrip time,\u5f80\u8fd4\u6642\u9593)
\u6bcf\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u884c\u8f38\u51fa,\u4ee3\u8868\u8cc7\u6599\u6240\u9032\u5165\u4ecb\u9762\u7684ip\u4f4d\u7f6e,\u82e5\u51fa\u73fe*\u4ee3\u8868\u5c01\u5305\u9001\u5931\u6557
\u5931\u6557\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u901f\u7387\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6216\u5728\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e2d\u88ab\u904e\u6ffe\u6389
ps:\u6536\u5230traceroute\u7684\u8a2d\u5099,\u9808\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u56de\u8986\u50b3\u7d66\u767c\u51fatraceroute\u7684\u4f86\u6e90,\u56e0\u6b64\u5169\u908a\u90fd\u9700\u6709\u5df1\u77e5\u7684\u8def\u5f91
\u4ee5traceroute 175.10.1.2\u70ba\u4f8b,\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 175.10.1.2
1 160.10.1.1 0 msec 16 msec 0 msec
2 175.10.1.2 20 msec 16 msec 16 msec<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u5f97\u77e5\u76ee\u5730ip\u662f\u5426\u6709\u9023\u7dda
>ping < ip> [option]<\/strong>
\u5e38\u898boption
\u3000size \u6307\u5b9abyte
\u3000repeat \u6307\u5b9a\u56de\u61c9\u6b21\u6578,\u9810\u8a2d\u70ba5\u6b21
\u3000timeout \u6307\u5b9a\u7b49\u5f85\u56de\u61c9\u7684\u79d2\u6578
\u3000source \u6307\u5b9a\u56de\u61c9\u7684ip
\u3000df-bit \u5f37\u5236packet do not fragment(\u5c01\u5305\u4e0d\u5206\u6bb5)
\u4ee5ping 192.168.1.1\u70ba\u4f8b,\u756b\u9762\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5\/5), round-trip min\/avg\/max = 1\/2\/4 ms<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#telnet < ip>
\u5224\u65b7layer7\u904b\u4f5c\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38<\/p>\n\n\n\n

………………………………………………………….<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u8a2d\u5b9asnmp\u53d6\u5f97\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u6599 <\/strong>
(config)#snmp-server < option>
option\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b
\u3000community < name> < ro|rw >
\u3000contact < email>
\u3000location < description>
\u3000ifindex persist:\u70ba\u78ba\u4fddSNMP interface index(snmp\u4ecb\u9762\u7d22\u5f15)\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u6027  
ex:
(config)# snmp-server community ciscoro ro
(config)# snmp-server community ciscorw rw
(config)# snmp-server contact ray@systw.net
(config)# snmp-server location 5rd Floor 
(config)# snmp-server ifindex persist<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a2d\u5b9aSPAN port\u5074\u9304\u6d41\u91cf<\/strong>
(config)# monitor session < id> source interface < interface>
(config)# monitor session < id > destination interface < interface>
ex:
\u8a2d\u5b9asession 1\u6536\u96c6gi0\/1\u4ecb\u9762\u7684\u6d41\u91cf,\u4e26\u4e1f\u5230gi0\/3\u4ecb\u9762
(config)# monitor session 1 source interface gi 0\/1
(config)# monitor session 1 destination interface gi 0\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# show monitor
ex:
Session 1
————
Type : Local Session
Source Ports :
Both : Gi0\/1
Destination Ports : Gi0\/3
Encapsulation : Native
Ingress : Disabled<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a2d\u5b9aRSPAN port\u5074\u9304\u9060\u7aef\u6d41\u91cf<\/strong>
\u9060\u7aefswitch\u8a2d\u5b9a
1.\u555f\u52d5\u7528\u4f86\u50b3\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\u7684vlan\u70baremote-span
SW1(config)# vlan < vlan-id>
SW1(config-vlan)# remote-span
2.\u8a2d\u5b9aspan port
SW1(config)# monitor session < id> source interface < interface>
SW1(config)# monitor session < id> destination remote vlan < vlan-id> reflector-port < interface>
\u8fd1\u7aefswitch\u8a2d\u5b9a
1.\u555f\u52d5\u7528\u4f86\u50b3\u9001\u8cc7\u6599\u7684vlan\u70baremote-span
SW2(config)# vlan < vlan-id>
SW2(config-vlan)# remote-span
2.\u8a2d\u5b9aspan port
SW2(config)# monitor session < id> source remote vlan < vlan-id>
SW2(config)# monitor session < id> destination interface < interface>
ex:
\u5c07sw1\u7684gi0\/1\u4ecb\u9762\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4e1f\u5230sw2\u7684fa5\/1\u4ecb\u9762
SW1(config)# vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)# remote-span
SW1(config)# monitor session 1 source interface gi 0\/1
SW1(config)# monitor session 1 destination remote vlan 10 reflector-port gi 0\/3
SW1#show monitor
Session 1
————
Type : Remote Source Session
Source Ports :
Both : Gi0\/1
Reflector Port : Gi0\/3
Dest RSPAN VLAN : 10
SW2(config)# vlan 10
SW2(config-vlan)# remote-span
SW2(config)# monitor session 2 source remote vlan 10
SW2(config)# monitor session 2 destination interface fa 5\/1
SW2# show monitor
Session 2
————
Type : Remote Destination Session
Source RSPAN VLAN : 10
Destination Ports : Fa5\/1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

debug\u6307\u4ee4\u986f\u793a\u52d5\u614b\u8cc7\u6599\u8207\u4e8b\u4ef6,\u63d0\u4f9b\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a,\u53ef\u5354 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cisco-network"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/894\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/systw.net\/note\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}